Context of Decision Making Module 2 Part 1:
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Context of Decision Making Module 2 Part 1: Determinants of ddu Part 1: Session Objectives Highlight the determinants of data use List potential barriers to data use Introduce the Action Plan to Address Barriers to Data Use tool What
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01
Context of Decision Making Module 2<br>
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Part 1: Determinants of ddu<br>
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Part 1: Session Objectives Highlight the determinants of data use
List potential barriers to data use
Introduce the Action Plan to Address Barriers to Data Use tool<br>
List potential barriers to data use
Introduce the Action Plan to Address Barriers to Data Use tool<br>
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What Determines Data Demand & Use? * Based on PRISM analytical framework (LaFond, Fields et al. 2005 The PRISM: An Analytical Framework for
Understanding Performance of Health Information Systems in Developing Countries. MEASURE Evaluation).<br>
Understanding Performance of Health Information Systems in Developing Countries. MEASURE Evaluation).<br>
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Data are often underutilized because of… Technical constraints
Individual technical skills
Availability of computers
Data system design
Definition of indicators
Lack of data quality assurance protocols<br>
Individual technical skills
Availability of computers
Data system design
Definition of indicators
Lack of data quality assurance protocols<br>
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Data are often underutilized because of… Organizational constraints
Structural – roads, telecommunication
Organizational – clarity of roles, support, flow of information
Political interference<br>
Structural – roads, telecommunication
Organizational – clarity of roles, support, flow of information
Political interference<br>
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Data are often underutilized because of… Individual constraints
Decision-maker attitudes,
Staff motivation,
Lack of “data culture”<br>
Decision-maker attitudes,
Staff motivation,
Lack of “data culture”<br>
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What Determines Data Demand & Use? POLITICS CULTURE SOCIETY * Based on PRISM analytical Fields et al. 2005 The PRISM: An Analytical Framework for
Understanding Performance of Health Information Systems in Developing Countries. MEASURE Evaluation).<br>
Understanding Performance of Health Information Systems in Developing Countries. MEASURE Evaluation).<br>
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What barriers have you faced to using or getting others to use data and information? Group Participation<br>
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Assessment of Data Use Constraints Tool Purpose
To improve understanding of the demand for data and the constraints to data use
Description
Key informant interview guide designed to identify constraints
Identifies effective practices in data use
Two versions – Facility-level assessment & national and subnational assessments<br>
To improve understanding of the demand for data and the constraints to data use
Description
Key informant interview guide designed to identify constraints
Identifies effective practices in data use
Two versions – Facility-level assessment & national and subnational assessments<br>
11
Assessment of Data Use Constraints Tool<br>
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Action Plan for Addressing Barriers to Data Use<br>
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Small Group Activity 2: Instructions Choose a note taker
Discuss barriers to data use experienced in your work. Here are some questions to start your discussion:
Have you ever had an experience while making a policy or program-related decision when you were concerned about the quality of the information being used?
Does your agency have the technical capacity to ensure access to and availability of reliable data?
What specific challenges have you experienced among your staff when it comes to using data?
How does your organization support having the necessary information to make decisions?
Time for activity: 1 hour<br>
Discuss barriers to data use experienced in your work. Here are some questions to start your discussion:
Have you ever had an experience while making a policy or program-related decision when you were concerned about the quality of the information being used?
Does your agency have the technical capacity to ensure access to and availability of reliable data?
What specific challenges have you experienced among your staff when it comes to using data?
How does your organization support having the necessary information to make decisions?
Time for activity: 1 hour<br>
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Action Plan for Addressing Barriers to Data Use<br>
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Small Group Activity: Report Back Share priority barriers
Discuss solutions crafted
Present action plan for two priority barriers
Time for report back: Each group has 10–15 minutes<br>
Discuss solutions crafted
Present action plan for two priority barriers
Time for report back: Each group has 10–15 minutes<br>
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Part 2: Context of decision making<br>
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Part 2: Session Objectives Explain the context of decision making
Define the concept of stakeholders
Explain the importance of involving stakeholders throughout the data use in decision making cycle
Introduce the Stakeholder Analysis and Engagement tools<br>
Define the concept of stakeholders
Explain the importance of involving stakeholders throughout the data use in decision making cycle
Introduce the Stakeholder Analysis and Engagement tools<br>
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Group Participation How can we ensure that information is being used to make diagnoses and inform decisions?<br>
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Stake-holders Decisions Context of Decision Making Data<br>
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Stake-holders Decisions Context of Decision Making Data<br>
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What Is a Stakeholder? Any person, group, or organization with a particular interest in a policy or program
Government agencies
Beneficiaries
Policymakers
Funding agencies
Providers / implementers
Civil society
Researchers
M&E specialists<br>
Government agencies
Beneficiaries
Policymakers
Funding agencies
Providers / implementers
Civil society
Researchers
M&E specialists<br>
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Stakeholders Nongovernmental organizations
Professional associations
Religious leaders
Journalists/media
Private sector/business<br>
Professional associations
Religious leaders
Journalists/media
Private sector/business<br>
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Data Producers vs. Data Users Data producers think that decision makers:
Value “political” considerations over evidence
Are unprepared to measure or evaluate the consequences of their decisions
Decision makers or data users think that health researchers and M&E specialists:
Lack responsiveness to priorities
Favor numbers / jargon to transparent communication
Prefer written reports to face-to-face conversation<br>
Value “political” considerations over evidence
Are unprepared to measure or evaluate the consequences of their decisions
Decision makers or data users think that health researchers and M&E specialists:
Lack responsiveness to priorities
Favor numbers / jargon to transparent communication
Prefer written reports to face-to-face conversation<br>
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Importance of Knowing Your Stakeholders View activities from different perspectives
Have different degrees of understanding
Need/want different information
Need information at different levels of complexity
Have different intensities of interest
Have different roles in the decision-making process<br>
Have different degrees of understanding
Need/want different information
Need information at different levels of complexity
Have different intensities of interest
Have different roles in the decision-making process<br>
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Results of Involving Stakeholders in Data Use Process Relevance of data
Ownership of data
Appropriate dissemination of data
Use of data<br>
Ownership of data
Appropriate dissemination of data
Use of data<br>
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Stakeholder Analysis Matrix & Engagement Plan Clarify who has interest in a program and what that interest is
Identify who can help a program and how, and who can hurt it
Help you use this information for the success of the planning effort<br>
Identify who can help a program and how, and who can hurt it
Help you use this information for the success of the planning effort<br>
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Stakeholder Analysis Matrix The Stakeholder Analysis Matrix is a framework and process for:
Identifying stakeholders
Defining their roles and resources
Identifying dynamics among stakeholders
Setting the optimum stakeholder group<br>
Identifying stakeholders
Defining their roles and resources
Identifying dynamics among stakeholders
Setting the optimum stakeholder group<br>
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Stakeholder Analysis Matrix<br>
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Stakeholder Analysis Matrix Program issue Develop plan (inc. M&E plan) to scale up PMTCT programs throughout system.
Proposed activity Convene stakeholders to identify priorities based on available data and develop action plan.
Date November 2006<br>
Proposed activity Convene stakeholders to identify priorities based on available data and develop action plan.
Date November 2006<br>
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How to Involve Stakeholders Quarterly program management meetings
Quarterly meetings to interpret RHIS data
Involvement of facility staff to interpret program data
M&E system improvement
Indicator planning and/or harmonization
Data quality review meetings<br>
Quarterly meetings to interpret RHIS data
Involvement of facility staff to interpret program data
M&E system improvement
Indicator planning and/or harmonization
Data quality review meetings<br>
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Stakeholder Engagement Plan Program issue
Proposed activity
Date<br>
Proposed activity
Date<br>
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Stakeholder Engagement Plan Program issue Develop plan (inc. M&E plan) to scale up PMTCT programs throughout system.
Proposed activity Convene stakeholders to identify priorities based on available data and develop action plan.
Date November 2006<br>
Proposed activity Convene stakeholders to identify priorities based on available data and develop action plan.
Date November 2006<br>
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Stake-holders Decisions Context of Decision Making Data<br>
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Decision Areas Program design and evaluation
Program management and improvement
Strategic planning
Advocacy and policy development<br>
Program management and improvement
Strategic planning
Advocacy and policy development<br>
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Program Design and Evaluation Design
Select messages for prevention campaigns
Evaluation
Determine if new program approaches are needed to ensure that health impact objectives are met<br>
Select messages for prevention campaigns
Evaluation
Determine if new program approaches are needed to ensure that health impact objectives are met<br>
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Program Management and Improvement Management
Determine if the program is meeting its process objectives
Improvement
Develop new strategies to increase coverage<br>
Determine if the program is meeting its process objectives
Improvement
Develop new strategies to increase coverage<br>
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Strategic Planning Identify geographic areas of highest need
Determine human resource allocation
Determine which of offered services is making the greatest impact<br>
Determine human resource allocation
Determine which of offered services is making the greatest impact<br>
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Advocacy and Policy Development Identifying and quantifying underserved populations
Identifying focus areas for new policies<br>
Identifying focus areas for new policies<br>
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Stake-holders Decisions Context of Decision Making Data<br>
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Data and Information Census
Vital events data
Surveillance data
Household surveys
Facilities-level service statistics
Financial and management information
Modeling, estimates, and projections
Health research<br>
Vital events data
Surveillance data
Household surveys
Facilities-level service statistics
Financial and management information
Modeling, estimates, and projections
Health research<br>
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Stake-holders Decisions Factors Other than Data that Influence Decisions Data Political Ideology Competing Priorities Power Relationships Public Opinion Arbitrariness<br>
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Stakeholders Involve new counterparts Strengthening the Decision-making Process Decisions Understand service delivery realities Data May require additional data<br>
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Small Group Activity 3: Instructions Break into small groups.
Each group should select a decision that they make in their work settings and complete the Stakeholder Analysis Matrix around that decision.
A minimum of 7 stakeholders should be identified.
Complete the Matrix across the columns for 1–2 stakeholders.
Select one stakeholder and complete the Stakeholder Engagement Plan for that stakeholder.
Time for activity: 45 minutes<br>
Each group should select a decision that they make in their work settings and complete the Stakeholder Analysis Matrix around that decision.
A minimum of 7 stakeholders should be identified.
Complete the Matrix across the columns for 1–2 stakeholders.
Select one stakeholder and complete the Stakeholder Engagement Plan for that stakeholder.
Time for activity: 45 minutes<br>
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Group Work Report Back Have note taker transfer your final Stakeholder Analysis Matrix onto flip chart paper
Share the decision your group chose
Share the priority stakeholders selected
Choose 1 stakeholder and share the entire row from the Matrix for that stakeholder
Share the Engagement Plan for the same stakeholder
Time for report back: 10–15 min per group<br>
Share the decision your group chose
Share the priority stakeholders selected
Choose 1 stakeholder and share the entire row from the Matrix for that stakeholder
Share the Engagement Plan for the same stakeholder
Time for report back: 10–15 min per group<br>
45
THANK YOU!
MEASURE Evaluation is a MEASURE project funded by the U.S. Agency for International Development and implemented by the Carolina Population Center at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in partnership with Futures Group International, ICF Macro, John Snow, Inc., Management Sciences for Health, and Tulane University. Views expressed in this presentation do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID or the U.S. Government. MEASURE Evaluation is the USAID Global Health Bureau's primary vehicle for supporting improvements in monitoring and evaluation in population, health and nutrition worldwide.
Visit us online at http://www.cpc.unc.edu/measure<br>
MEASURE Evaluation is a MEASURE project funded by the U.S. Agency for International Development and implemented by the Carolina Population Center at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in partnership with Futures Group International, ICF Macro, John Snow, Inc., Management Sciences for Health, and Tulane University. Views expressed in this presentation do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID or the U.S. Government. MEASURE Evaluation is the USAID Global Health Bureau's primary vehicle for supporting improvements in monitoring and evaluation in population, health and nutrition worldwide.
Visit us online at http://www.cpc.unc.edu/measure<br>