Covalent bonds When metals react with non-metals

sherrill-nordquist

Published 2026-10-03 · 36 slides · 0 views

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Covalent bonds When metals react with non-metals

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Covalent bonds When metals react with non-metals electrons are transferred to make an ionic bond. When non-metals react with non-metals electrons are shared to make a covalent bond. Example: Chlorine gas Step 1: Write down the chemical

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Covalent bonds

When metals react with non-metals electrons are transferred to make an ionic bond.When non-metals react with non-metals electrons are shared to make a covalent bond.

Example: Chlorine gas Step 1: Write down the chemical formula: Cl2 Step 2: Write down what atoms you need and how many of them: 2 Chlorine atoms

Step 3: Draw those atoms We know that Chlorine is in group 7, so we can draw two chlorine atoms with just their outer shell .

Step 4: Work out the number of electrons which would need to be shared (same as the number of electrons which are missing) .

Step 5: Share the electrons! . Single covalent bond

Step 6: Count to make sure you got it right . Single covalent bond

Step 1: Write down the chemical formula:
Step 2: Write down what atoms you need and how many of them:
Step 3: Draw those atoms (just outer shell)
Step 4: Work out the number of electrons which would need to be shared (same as the number of electrons which are missing)
Step 5: Share the electrons!
Step 6: Count to make sure you got it right

Example: Oxygen gas Step 1: Write down the chemical formula: O2 Step 2: Write down what atoms you need and how many of them: 2 oxygen atoms

Step 3: Draw those atoms We know that oxygen is in group 6, so we can draw two oxygen atoms with just their outer shell .

Step 4: Work out the number of electrons which would need to be shared (same as the number of electrons which are missing) . 2 electrons to be shared

Step 5: Share the electrons! . DOUBLE covalent bond

Step 6: count the electrons . DOUBLE covalent bond

Questions 1-9

Covalent Substances

A 1 carat diamond ring weighing 0.2g has approximately 60000000000000000000000 atoms

Solid Gas

Read page 2 and answer Q10-20

Graphite is an exception Layers of carbon atoms. Each atom is covalently bonded to three others Electrons are free to travel between the layers – they are delocalised. This is why graphite conducts electricity. The layers themselves are strong but are free to slide over each other like a pack of cards. This means graphite is soft and slippery.

Q21-25

Simple Molecules

Methane

Strong covalent bonds within the molecule Weak forces between the molecules so easy to pull away from each other

VS. © Pearson Education Ltd 2016. Copying permitted for purchasing institutions only. This material is not copyright free.

Q26-29

Polymers © Pearson Education Ltd 2016. Copying permitted for purchasing institutions only. This material is not copyright free.

Strong covalent bonds between atoms in the chain Weak forces between the chains

Q30-35

Graphene, fullerenes and nanotubes

Political and scientific background https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wHW_2CUF4zM
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-32100071
Scishow: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Mcg9_ML2mXY

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Covalent bonds When metals react with non-metals

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