Natural Sciences and Technology Grade 5 Term 4: Planet Earth and Beyond Fossils (PPT 2) Topic 4 Fossils Types of fossils Gr 5 Natural Sciences and Technology Term 4, Topic 4 Types of fossils Gr 5 Natural Sciences and Technology Term 4,
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Natural Sciences and Technology Grade 5 Term 4: Planet Earth and Beyond
Fossils
(PPT 2)<br>
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Topic 4 Fossils Types of fossils Gr 5 Natural Sciences and Technology – Term 4, Topic 4<br>
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Types of fossils Gr 5 Natural Sciences and Technology – Term 4, Topic 4 There are two main types of fossils:
Body fossils
Formed from the hard parts of plant and animals e.g. teeth, bones, shells, stems, leaves and seeds.
Trace fossils
Fossils formed from traces (or clues) left by animals e.g. footprints, nests, eggs and droppings.<br>
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Body fossils Gr 5 Natural Sciences and Technology – Term 4, Topic 4 1. Teeth and bones
A bit of broken tooth can be found within another animal’s bones.
Teeth help us to see whether the extinct animal was a carnivore or a herbivore.
Bones help us to determine the size and the shape of the animal.
Scientists use the bones to reconstruct (put back together) extinct animals.<br>
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Body fossils Gr 5 Natural Sciences and Technology – Term 4, Topic 4 Teeth and bones<br>
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Body fossils Gr 5 Natural Sciences and Technology – Term 4, Topic 4 2. Shells Most commonly found fossils.
Because they are naturally hard, they fossilise easily.
Almost always found in sedimentary rock.<br>
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Body fossils Gr 5 Natural Sciences and Technology – Term 4, Topic 4 Shells<br>
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Body fossils Gr 5 Natural Sciences and Technology – Term 4, Topic 4 3. Stems, leaves and seeds Most commonly found fossils.
Because they are naturally hard, they fossilise easily.
Almost always found in sedimentary rock.<br>
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Body fossils Gr 5 Natural Sciences and Technology – Term 4, Topic 4 3. Stems, leaves and seeds The softer parts, like the leaves, are trapped between sedimentary layers or in resin.
Resin is a sticky substance that plants produce.
Resin becomes hard and forms amber.<br>
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Body fossils Gr 5 Natural Sciences and Technology – Term 4, Topic 4 3. Stems, leaves and seeds
The same can happen to animals.
Whole animals are captured for us to study.<br>
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Trace fossils Gr 5 Natural Sciences and Technology – Term 4, Topic 4 Footprints
Fossil footprints are signs that organisms once lived on our planet.
Difficult to identify the type of animal.<br>
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Trace fossils Gr 5 Natural Sciences and Technology – Term 4, Topic 4 Fossil footprints give us information about:
the speed of the animal.
length of stride.
whether the animal walked on two or four legs.
the bone structure of the foot.<br>
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Trace fossils Gr 5 Natural Sciences and Technology – Term 4, Topic 4 2. Eggs Many fossilised eggs have been found.
They often contain parts of an embryo.
An embryo is an organism in its very early stages of development, before you can recognise it.<br>
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Trace fossils Gr 5 Natural Sciences and Technology – Term 4, Topic 4 We can then match an egg with an animal species.<br>
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Trace fossils Gr 5 Natural Sciences and Technology – Term 4, Topic 4 3. Nests Nests can be made from clay, sticks, grass and leaves.
The nests and the eggs found can tell us a lot about animals like dinosaurs.<br>
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Trace fossils Gr 5 Natural Sciences and Technology – Term 4, Topic 4 4. Droppings Fossilised droppings can be studied.
It can be taken apart to study the different parts that it is made up of.
It can tell us what type of food the animal ate.<br>
