c liff johns c ollege of architecture and landscape architecture energy design conservation June 23 2015 s u s t a i n a b l e h o u s i n g 1 b est practices the right tools for the times ID: 763602
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cliff . johnscollege of architecture and landscape architectureenergy design conservationJune 23, 2015 s u s t a i n a b l e . h o u s i n g 1 b est practices : the right tools for the times
2 s u s t a i n a b l e . h o u s i n g
3 sustainability
4 “…our buildings need to be s ustainable”
5 “…our buildings needs to have g r a v i t y”
6 sustainability has always been among indigenous nations
7 respect for our natural environment
8 natural law
Indigenous Architecture 9
Today . . . 10
11Fengi Shui WoodFireEarthMetalWater 11 Natural Law Diné Epistemology EarthFireAirWater (Dine’ Natural Law (Eastern Philosophy)
12 tools sustainable design practicesbuilding retrofitsHED t he focus our impact t ribal housing o v e r v i e w
13 Why sustainable energy design approach? introduction Addressing issues of climate and microclimate designsReducing CO2 Gas EmissionsAppropriating better material & methodsPassive solar designAchieving human thermal comfort
14 the focusc urrent conditions Tribal Housing – Navajo Nation Poor conditionsBuilding materials deteriorationUnbalanced HVAC systemsPoor constructability = poor building performance
15 (Times photo - Paul Natonabah)Typical Tribal Housing StandardsFederal Standards: R-30 = ceilingsR-15 = wallsDesign Climate Zone Standards:R-38 = ceilings R-20 = walls t ribal housing t he focus Climate zone 1
Problem Statement 16Climatic Zone: 5Location: Winslow, AZ Unit SF: 1,620 SF
17Model Rendering: By Cliff JohnsLiving KitchenBR 1BR 2BR 3BathDiningStoCarport Entry Patio Problems:Small KitchenSmall BedroomsOvercrowdingSmall Dining AreaTribal Housing
Psychrometric Chart18 Climate Region: Wiinslow, AZDry Bulb Temperature Max Min SummerJun 9155Jul 95 63 Aug91 55 Winter Dec 46 20 Jan 53 18 Feb 60 24 Relative Humidty Max Min Summer Jun 55 38 Jul 64 56 Aug 65 60 Winter Dec 75 70 Jan 74 69 Feb 68 61
19 Summer Months: June July August Design Strategies: Passive Solar Heating High Mass Cooling High mass Cooling w/ Ventilation Natural Ventilation Evaporative Cooling Psychrometric Chart
20 Winter Months:December January February Design Strategies: Active Solar Conventional heating Passive Solar Heating Humidification Psychrometric Chart
21 Energy-10 Code Analysis
22Energy Code Analysis
23 tools sustainable design practicesbuilding retrofitsHED
24 technical s ustainable design practices Photo: Richard K. BegayPhoto: Richard K. Begay Courtesy: Benally House 2007- DesignBuildBLUFF materials & methods
25 indigenous architecture & materialssustainable design practices
26 energy design strategiesthermal massbuilding orientationpassive solar shadingnatural ventilation
27 thermal massdesign strategiesdesign strategies to consider for thermal mass Courtesy: DesignBLUFF Courtesy: DesignBLUFF
28 building orientationOrient housing to south, rather than streetsdesign strategies Rendering: Cliff Johns- Solar angle study 2011 summer winter
29 shade studiesJune 21 @ 9AMJune 21 @ 1PM June 21 @ 4PM Dec 21 @ 9AM Dec 21 @ 1PMDec 21 @ 4PMWINTER SOLISTICESUMMER SOLISTICE design strategies Rendering: Cliff Johns – Sunset Knowledge Center Dec 2011 Design Rendering: Cliff Johns – Sunset Knowledge Center Dec 2011 Design
30 passive solarRooftop PV panelsRooftop PV panels with greenroofRendering: Cliff Johns – Sunset Knowledge Center Dec 2011 Design Rendering: Cliff Johns – Leading Edge Design Competition- April 2012 d esign strategies
31 shadingRendering by: Cliff Johns – Leading Edge Competition 2012Rendering by: Cliff Johns – Leading Edge Competition 2012 Courtesy: I’- Sah-Din-Di Housing Development- Mescalero, NM design strategies
32 natural ventilationRendering by: Cliff Johns – Sunset Knowledge Center Sustainable Community- Tucson AZ. 2011Sketches by: Cliff Johns – Natural Ventilation: When Buildings Meet Plaza- 2011 d esign strategies
33 energy design strategiesthermal massbuilding orientationpassive solar shadingnatural ventilation Reduction of Energy consumption Energy cost savings Thermal comfort Reduction of (CO2) Greenhouse g as emissions Integration into natural environment i n summary
34 researchEnergy Retrofit Design Approach
35 Gottfried residence: energy efficiency analysisThe “House Energy Doctor” is the ongoing community outreach arm of the post professional Master of Science in Architecture (MS-ARCH) graduate degree program at the University of Arizona.Established in 1986 this program has been serving the community for twenty-five yearsThe students utilize advanced technological equipment to analyze existing residences for their energy performance in an effort to educate owners, and the community at large, on how to conserve energy in their own homesComputer simulations are then developed, using Energy-10 software, to study a variety of energy and cost saving strategies for the homeowner. building retrofits for existing homes HED – House Energy Doctor
36 building retrofits for existing homes Gottfried Residence- Tucson AZresearch HED – House Energy Doctor University of Arizona
37 HED – House Energy Doctor University of Arizona research Basic infiltration and leaks through windows and doors Leaks through the masonry brickwalls building retrofits for existing homes Gottfried Residence- Tucson AZ
38 research HED – House Energy Doctor University of ArizonaExposed rooftop ducts and HVAC unit.Direct heat gain from sun exposure building retrofits for existing homes Gottfried Residence- Tucson AZ
39 research HED – House Energy Doctor University of Arizona
40 research HED – House Energy Doctor University of Arizona building retrofits for existing homes Gottfried Residence- Tucson AZEnergy-10 Calcs
41 research HED – House Energy Doctor University of Arizona building retrofits for existing homes Gottfried Residence- Tucson AZEnergy-10 Calcs
42 research HED – House Energy Doctor University of Arizona building retrofits for existing homes Gottfried Residence- Tucson AZ Achieving Net-Zero
43 research HED – House Energy Doctor University of ArizonaCode compliance Before (baseline )ASHRAE 90.1- 2007LEED PlatinumPre-Code Gottfried Residence Net-Zero building retrofits for existing homes Gottfried Residence- Tucson AZ
44 summary HED – House Energy Doctor University of Arizona building retrofits for existing homes Gottfried Residence- Tucson AZGottfriedResidence Energy Consumption ( kBtu/ft2) Energy Costs $(Per Year)Energy Costs $(Per Month)CO2 Emissions(tons)Baseline (Before)64,231$1854 / year$155 / mo.20,715 lbs/CO2 = 10 tonsCombined Strategies42,334 $1065 / year $89 / mo.11,975 lbs/CO2 = 5 tons Savings 66%57% 57% 58%
45t h a n k . y o u Contact information:Cliff Johnscpjohns@email.arizona.eduhttp://houseenergydoctor.arizona.edu