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Developmental Theory Developmental Theory

Developmental Theory - PowerPoint Presentation

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Developmental Theory - PPT Presentation

Development Eriksons 8 Stages of Development B2 Trust v Mistrust 24 Autonomy v Shame amp Doubt 46 Initiative v Guilt 612 Industry v Inferiority 1319 Identity v Role Confusion ID: 555097

rape amp depression stage amp rape stage depression stages questions suicide age role alcohol confusion people promiscuity eating life

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Slide1

Developmental Theory

DevelopmentSlide2

Erikson’s 8 Stages of Development

(B-2): Trust v. Mistrust

(2-4): Autonomy v. Shame & Doubt

(4-6): Initiative v. Guilt

(6-12): Industry v. Inferiority

(13-19): Identity v. Role Confusion

(20’s & 30’s): Intimacy v. Isolation

(40’s, 50’s & 60’s):

Generativity

v. Stagnation

(70’s & Up): Ego Integrity v. DespairSlide3

Trust v. Mistrust

Hope

Considered the most important stage of development because it sets the stage for all of the other stages.Slide4

Autonomy v. Shame & Doubt

Independence

The child learns to say “no” in this stage to assert themselves as separate individuals.Slide5

Initiative v. Guilt

Curiosity

The child often asks “why” in this stage.Slide6

Industry v. Inferiority

Skill/Competence

This is the stage in which the child tries to find out what they are good at and develop a skill. Boys especially are competitive but girls can be too.Slide7

Identity v. Role Confusion

Self-Esteem

The stage in which teenagers attempt to find themselves and fit in with others at the same time.

Role Confusion can be expressed in 5 major ways: Drugs/Alcohol, Bullying/Violence, Depression/Suicide, Eating Disorders, PromiscuitySlide8

Intimacy v. Isolation

Love

This is the stage in which the individual attempts to connect to another human being. If the person can communicate and share, they experience intimacy.

People can be married and still be isolated. It shows itself in the same ways that role confusion appears.

Erikson considered stages 5 & 6 the most closely related stages and said you need identity to experience intimacy.Slide9

Generativity v. Stagnation

Purpose

The stage in which the parent serves as a role model for the younger generation. Mid-life Crisis is a synonym for stagnation when it is not handled well.Slide10

Ego Integrity v. Despair

Wisdom

Integrity is achieved when one looks back over their life and is satisfied.

Despair usually shows itself in 2 ways: depression and hostilitySlide11

Bullying

Occurs most during Middle School

Boys bully physically while girls bully verbally

Girls hang on to bullying situations longer than boys.

Schools have a moral obligation to help students overcome being bullied.Slide12

Depression

3 kinds of depression:

1) Mild-Moderate

2) Severe

3) ManicSlide13

Depression Signs

Changes in eating/sleeping habits

Sadness/Withdrawal/Apathy

Aggression/Irritation/Violence

Drug & Alcohol Use

Drop in Grades

PromiscuitySlide14

Depression Causes

Loss

Relationship and Family Problems

School Pressures/Grades

Financial Problems

Trauma

Drug & Alcohol Use

GeneticsSlide15

Depression Treatments

For Mild/Moderate: Exercise, Diet, Therapy

For Severe/Manic: Medication as needed

Support groups, alternative/herbal, meditation, readingSlide16

Suicide

Females attempt 3/1

Males commit 3/1

Males use more violent methodsSlide17

Suicide Myths

Only crazy people attempt suicide

Attempting suicide makes a person less likely to attempt again

Talking about suicide increases the risk of a person committing suicide

Once you see depressed people get better, they are no longer at riskSlide18

Eating Disorders

Anorexia

Bulimia

ObesitySlide19

Anorexia

Definition: 15% or more under normal body weight

Distorted body image

Disgust for foodSlide20

Anorexia Characteristics

Upper-middle class whites, ages 15-35

Perfectionism issues

Over-controlling mother-daughter relationships

95% female & 5% maleSlide21

Bulimia

Bulimics are usually within 5 pounds of normal body weight

2 Kinds: Binge-Purge & Binge-Non Purge

Correlation between bulimia and past sexual abuse

90% female & 10% maleSlide22

Obesity

Definition: 30% or more over normal body weight and 30-40% in the U.S. are considered obese

#1 Killer in the U.S. today is Diabetes, caused by obesity.Slide23

Promiscuity

U.S. has the #1 teen pregnancy rate in the industrialized world (Sweden is #2)

50% of all teens have had intercourse by high school graduation (Stat. is falling in the last 10 years)

40% of all sexually active females will be pregnant by age 17

80% of all those pregnant by age 17 will be pregnant again by age 19

15% of high

schoolers

have had sex with 4 or more partners throughout high schoolSlide24

Promiscuity

Average age of the father of the child is 23

90% of these men leave

50% of teen mothers graduate high school

The abuse rate among teen mothers is 3 times the normal population of mothersSlide25

Birth Control

2 most effective methods not including abstinence: Pill & Condom

2 least effective methods: Rhythm & WithdrawalSlide26

Abstinence

Definition: Refraining from sexual intercourse until marriage

2 Main Factors: Faith & Father who verbalizes loveSlide27

Rape

Rape: The forced act of sexual Intercourse

2 kinds of rapists: Date/Acquaintance & SerialSlide28

Date/Acquaintance Rape

80% of all rapes are date/acquaintance (victim knows the rapist in some fashion)

Most likely place is in connection with the college scene

Alcohol/Drugs are involved in 50-60% of all rapesSlide29

Personality of the date/acquaintance Rapist

Macho, narcissistic, aggressive, history of aggression/violence, believes that he is a “gift” to girls and that they want him. Believes that it is not rape, but desired sex.

Ages 15-30, Single, White

Might even ask her out again

Follows her for an average of 2 weeks before he “strikes.”Slide30

Serial Rape

20% of all rapes are serial rapes

Rapist does not know the victim

Alcohol/Drugs are not involved

Rape is typically more violent and dangerous

A weapon is often carried

No commonality of locationSlide31

Personality of the Serial Rapist

Typically violent, possibly dangerous and history of violent attacks, possibly a sociopath

Ages 30-50, could be married or single, could have kids or not, typically minoritySlide32

Preventing Rape Before it Happens

Be aware of

your surroundings

Trust your instincts

Travel in pairs/packs

Stay drug/alcohol freeSlide33

Preventing Date Rape as it Happens

Don’t plan to physically win the battle

Tell him who you are and what he’s doing

Use the word rape

Make sure he knows you will follow through with prosecution and exposing himSlide34

Preventing Serial Rape as it Happens

Humanize yourself

Tell him your name, point out your family

Ask if he would want this to happen to someone he cared about

Continue to humanize yourself and

to talkSlide35

Statutory Rape

Consensual sex between 2 people in which one is under the age of 18 and one is over the age of 18 (California). Some states have the age of consent at 17.

Some states have a shield law in which the law is not enforced if the relationship has existed for more than 2 years and the age difference is less than 2 years (California is not one of those states)Slide36

Statutory Rape Cont’d

2 ways of being “discovered”

Breakup which turns into hate

Parents who turn over the boyfriendSlide37

Stage 8 - Erikson

The stage in which the person looks back over their life and determines whether they have lived a satisfactory life or whether they have lived a regretful life.Slide38

Death & Dying

Elizabeth

Kubler

-Ross

5 Stages of death & dying

-Denial: inability to admit death

-Anger: overcome by angry emotions

-Bargaining: promising to do more

-Depression: withdrawing from others

-Acceptance: coming to terms with mortality

-Hope: thinking about the welfare of othersSlide39

Death & Dying

People can go through any order and be in one stage or get through all of the stages

Most people do get to acceptance at

some pointSlide40

Test 3 Review

10 Questions: Matching Erikson Stages with their basic meanings

8

Questions: Matching Erikson stages with their virtues

5 Questions: Matching

Kubler

-Ross stages with their basic meanings

2 Questions:

Kubler

-Ross StagesSlide41

Test 3 Review Cont’d

5 Questions: Bullying

5 Questions: Depression & Suicide

5 Questions: Eating Disorders

6 Questions: Promiscuity

4 Questions: Rape

Essay: Erikson’s 5 stage – Role Confusion Issues.Slide42

Test 3 Essay

Using Erikson’s 5

th

stage as a guide, discuss the importance of having good self esteem as a teenager and what can happen if a teen falls into role confusion. Include a paragraph on each of bullying, depression, eating disorders, and promiscuity. Discuss each problem and how teens deal with them effectively

or ineffectively.