PPT-Optical Instruments

Optics History The first presence of a magnifying glass is traced to 11 th century when Abu ali alHasan Ibn al Haytham an Arab scientist published Book of optics in which he has described in detail the . This Chapter does not cover articles of a kind used in machines appliances or for other technical uses of vulcanised rubber other than hard rubber heading 4016 of leather or of composition leather heading 4205 or textile material heading 5911 s 1 We magnify the image a small object by bringing it close to our eye. Objects closer than the near point are not in focus. unfocused image onretinaNot to scale The angle Ignore the distancebetween Physics 111 Fall 2007 1. A narrow beam of ultrasonic waves reflects off the liver tumor shown on the right. The speed of the wave is 10.0% less in the liver than in the surrounding medium. Determine STADIA : Optical Optical instruments require a vertical and horizontal crosshair to be functional. Some optical instruments also have two short horizontal lines, one above and one below the horizon S. R. Kulkarni. Caltech Optical Observatories. Workhorse Instruments. Optical Imagers & Spectrographs. NIR Imagers & Spectrographs and so on. Specialized Instruments. Polarimeters. , Rapid spectroscopy, .. . 1 We magnify the image a small object by bringing it close to our eye. Objects closer than the near point are not in focus. unfocused image onretinaNot to scale Ignore the distance f polarised. emission in X-ray binaries. Dave Russell. New York University Abu Dhabi. dave.russell@nyu.edu. In collaboration with T. ariq . Shahbaz. (IAC, Tenerife). I’d also like to thank Rob Fender, Elena Gallo, . INTERFERENCE:. When two wave trains of the same frequency & the same amplitude traveling in the same direction are superimposed on one another they produce interference. If at any point the waves are in phase, there is an increase in resultant amplitude, i.e. . Section 1: Objectives. Use. ray diagrams to show how light is reflected or refracted.. . Compare . plane mirrors, concave mirrors, and convex mirrors.. . Use. ray diagrams to show how mirrors form images.. Many of these look . very similar. and may be hard to distinguish between!. We . will break these tools down into smaller sub-groups:. Forceps: . used to pinch or tweeze tissue . Scissors: . used to cut tissue. Designed as a training manual for Navy personnel (Opticalman 3 & 2), this book provides thorough coverage of the basic theory of optics and its applications. Newly revised and updated, it presents the subject matter with extraordinary clarity, stressing theory and application equally. It will serve admirably to supplement a course in which only one of these factors is emphasized.The book begins with an introduction to the Opticalman rating. It then goes on to discuss the characteristics of light, with special emphasis on wavelengths, reflection, and refraction. Two chapters contain a detailed discussion of the formation of images by mirrors, lenses, and prisms these explain how images are formed by thin and thick lenses, how to use the lens formula, and how to determine the location of an image formed by an optical instrument. The mechanical construction, maintenance procedures, and machining operations of basic optical instruments are explained in detail, supplemented by chapters on maintenance procedures, basic instrument repair, machine shop practices, optical and navigation equipment maintenance, night vision sights and gunsights and submarine periscopes. A helpful four-part appendix includes a glossary, common formulae used in optical repair and machine operations, prefixes and symbols used in the metric system, and English and metric system units of measurement, with common equivalents and conversions. Profusely illustrated with 370 charts, diagrams, photographs, and drawings of tools and parts of instruments — including cross-sections that reveal inner workings — this manual is especially clear and well-organized. Although designed for use in U.S. Naval training schools, it can be used to great advantage as a basic text in optics in standard technical schools, and it will be immensely valuable even to the layman who desires a knowledge of the fundamentals of optics. Designed as a training manual for Navy personnel (Opticalman 3 & 2), this book provides thorough coverage of the basic theory of optics and its applications. Newly revised and updated, it presents the subject matter with extraordinary clarity, stressing theory and application equally. It will serve admirably to supplement a course in which only one of these factors is emphasized.The book begins with an introduction to the Opticalman rating. It then goes on to discuss the characteristics of light, with special emphasis on wavelengths, reflection, and refraction. Two chapters contain a detailed discussion of the formation of images by mirrors, lenses, and prisms these explain how images are formed by thin and thick lenses, how to use the lens formula, and how to determine the location of an image formed by an optical instrument. The mechanical construction, maintenance procedures, and machining operations of basic optical instruments are explained in detail, supplemented by chapters on maintenance procedures, basic instrument repair, machine shop practices, optical and navigation equipment maintenance, night vision sights and gunsights and submarine periscopes. A helpful four-part appendix includes a glossary, common formulae used in optical repair and machine operations, prefixes and symbols used in the metric system, and English and metric system units of measurement, with common equivalents and conversions. Profusely illustrated with 370 charts, diagrams, photographs, and drawings of tools and parts of instruments — including cross-sections that reveal inner workings — this manual is especially clear and well-organized. Although designed for use in U.S. Naval training schools, it can be used to great advantage as a basic text in optics in standard technical schools, and it will be immensely valuable even to the layman who desires a knowledge of the fundamentals of optics. NAME: . PAVITHRA J. DESIGNATION: . ASSISTANT PROFESSOR. SUBJECT CODE: . 18PHY12. OPTICAL FIBERS. CONTENTS. Introduction. Principle. Types of Optical Fibers. Applications. Conclusions. Fiber-optic communication is a method of transmitting information from one place to another by sending pulses of light through an optical fiber.. Brian C. Smith, Ph.D. ,Princeton Instruments . Jason McClure, Ph.D. Princeton Instruments. Dan Heller, Ph.D. Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center. Ed Gooding, Ph.D. Princeton Instruments. An Aberration Free Spectrograph for .