Overview The Craft of Scientific Presentations Michael Alley College of Engineering Pennsylvania State University estevejobscom TEDcom To excel in your presentations you will need content ID: 133991
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Slide1
Teaching Slides: OverviewThe Craft of Scientific Presentations
Michael AlleyCollege of EngineeringPennsylvania State University
[estevejobs.com]
[TED.com]Slide2
To excel in your presentations, you will need content
, passion, and a keen sense of the audience
[www.psyclops.com]
[ted.com]
[www.wildchimpanzees.org]Slide3
audience
purpose
occasion
You begin preparing a scientific presentation
by analyzing your constraints
what they know
w
hy they are there
t
o inform
t
o persuade
t
ime
r
oomSlide4
*
To excel in your scientific presentations, you guide
your audience up the mountain of your work
Orienting audience
at the start
Keeping audience
on the path
Appreciating
the view
[Alley, 2013]Slide5
Slides
influence the preparation, delivery, and understanding of a scientific presentation
[Alley, 2013]Slide6
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A key assumption is that
slides are needed
for that part of the presentation
[Alley, 2013]Slide7
Beginnings prepare the audience for the work
pre-combustion methods
post-combustion methods
combustion methods
[Alley, 2013]Slide8
Success involves defining a valuable scope and a satisfying depth
unknown
Valuable
Satisfying
[Alley, 2013]Slide9
A common error in the beginning of scientific talks
is to leave the audience behind
[Alley, 2013]Slide10
Determining Whether Atmospheric Mercury Goes
into Surface Snow after a Depletion Event
Katrine Aspmo
Torunn Berg
Norwegian Institute for Air Research
Grethe WibetoeUniversity of Oslo, Dept. of Chemistry
June 16, 2004
Event
Ny-Ålesund
[Alley, 2013]Slide11
A common error in the mapping of scientific talks
is to show a list that is not memorable
[Alley, 2013]Slide12
This talk traces what happens to mercury after it depletes from the atmosphere in arctic regions
Environmental implications
Measurements from Station
Theory for mercury cycling Slide13
*
To excel in your scientific presentations, you guide
your audience up the mountain of your work
Keeping audience
on the path
[Alley, 2013]Slide14
Another assumption is that
the slides we project should differ from our handout
≠
[Alley, 2013]Slide15
PowerPoint’s
defaults arose before much research on slidesand have not changed significantly
1987
2003
2007
[Gomes 2007]
[Alley, 2013]Slide16
PowerPoint’s defaults run counter to how people learn
Does not filter noise
Leads to too
many words
Consumes valuable
space
[Garner et al., 2009]Slide17
The assertion
–evidence structure consists of a message headline supported by visual evidence
[Settles, 2002]
[Alley, 2013]Slide18
scent
source
The way a dog sniffs does not contaminate
the vapor stream from the scent source
[Settles et al., 2002]Slide19
scent
source
The way a dog sniffs does not contaminate the vapor stream from the scent source
[Settles et al., 2002]Slide20
The first step is to write a sentence headline that states
the main message of the slide
sentenceheadlineSlide21
A succession of electron acceptors occurs when an aquifer becomes contaminated with oil
CH
4
SO
4
2−
Fe
3+
NO
3
Mn
−
4+
O
2
–
–
–
Oil
Flow
[Alley, 2013]Slide22
A data acquisition system changes the form of the data
A digital acquisition system has to sample at a rate
fast enough to retain the shape of the analog signal
Analog-to-Digital
Converter
Measurement
Device
[Alley, 2013]Slide23
A digital acquisition system has to sample at a rate
fast enough to retain the shape of the analog signal
Analog-to-Digital
Converter
Measurement
Device Slide24
The second step is to find or create visual evidence
that supports the sentence headline
visual
evidence
[Alley, 2013]Slide25
Most streams were classified in fair condition
because of high chloride concentrations
Delaware River Parks:
79% Fair
Chloride caused most problemsWestern Pennsylvania Parks:
75% FairChloride caused most problems
West Virginia Parks:
48% Fair
Sulfate caused most problemSlide26
Since its construction in 1952, traffic across the bridge
has grown exponentially1952
1.1 million vehicles
[Maryland Transportation Authority, 2007]Slide27
Since its construction in 1952, traffic across the bridge
has grown exponentially
19611.5 million
1952
1.1 million
[Maryland Transportation Authority, 2007]Slide28
Since its construction in 1952, traffic across the bridgehas grown exponentially
19611.5 million
[Maryland Transportation Authority, 2007]
1952
1.1 million
2007
27 MillionSlide29
Normalized friction factors and
Nusselt numbers correlated our data with the data of others
Reynolds Number
Nu
o
, f
o
T
wall
T
inlet
Heat Flux, q˝
h
Nu
T
bulk
Pressure Drop
Friction Factor, f
Pressure Taps
Thermocouples
Venturi Meter
VoltmeterSlide30
At typical highway speeds, overcoming drag requires about two-thirds of a truck engine’s output
[McCallen, 2004]
Aerodynamic Drag
C
D
= 0.6
Rolling Friction
and AccessoriesSlide31
≠
Another assumption is that the slides that we project are for our
audience
, rather than for
usSlide32
The third step in creating assertion-evidence slides
is to change the defaults of PowerPointSlide33
Before:
Tsunamis cause devastating destruction, especially to sparsely vegetated areas.2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami: Gleebruk Village, Sri Lanka
After:
http://homepage.mac.com/demark/tsunami/14.html
PPT’s defaults
crowd this slideSlide34
2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami: Gleebruk Village, Sri Lanka
BeforeTsunamis cause devastating destruction, especially to sparsely vegetated areas
After
[homepage.mac.com/demark/]
Sparse
Sparse
SparseSlide35
A common error in the endings of scientific talks
is to waste the last slide
[Alley, 2013]Slide36
Adsorbed HOAc allows
the growth of sideriteA thick siderite layer protects
the steel from corrosion
Questions?
In summary, high concentrations of acetic acid
help protect steel from corrosion
Steel
Fe
3+x
O
4-y
FeCO
3Slide37
Many engineers and scientists have had success
using the assertion-evidence approach
writing.engr.psu.edu/speaking.htmlSlide38
In scientific presentations, speakers
fashion most words on the spot, but after planning and practice
Memorized
Read
Impromptu Fashioned on spotafter planning Slide39
In her TED talk,
Patek focused on the content andher passion for the ideas
Sheila Patek
[TED.com]
[Alley, 2013]Slide40
Hans Rosling
Passion leads to preparation
which then leads to confidence
[
TED.com
]
[Marshall, 2008; Alley, 2013]Slide41
In summary, to excel in your presentations, you will need content, passion, and an acute sense of audience
[www.psyclops.com]
[ted.com]
[www.wildchimpanzees.org]