War The Trojan War The Trojan War actually occurred the city of Troy fell into the hands of the Greeks Archaeologists have found historical evidence of the war Was it exactly as told in ID: 262283
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Slide1
The Trojan WarSlide2
The Trojan WarThe Trojan War actually occurred; the city of Troy fell into the hands of the Greeks.Archaeologists have found historical evidence of the war.
Was it exactly as told in
The Iliad
?
No.
It
was probably fought over commerce and trade between Greece and Asia Minor.
But Homer’s version (The Iliad) is more exciting!
Some of the characters may have been based on real personalities.Slide3
What is a Trojan?a person from Troy
one
who shows qualities
(endurance
, toughness, determined
energy)
like
those of the soldiers who defended ancient
TroySlide4
Where’s Troy?across the Aegean Sea from Greecealso called
Ilium
,
Ilion
,
and
Ilios
a well-walled city with broad streets and beautiful palaces… until the Trojan WarSlide5
When was the war?beginning of the 12th century B.C.
1193 – 1184 B.C.
That’s 3,200 years ago!
B.C. = Before Christ
A.D. = Anno Domini
(
The Year of Our Lord)Slide6
Who are they?
Greeks (Achaeans)
Achilles
Greatest Greek Warrior
King Agamemnon
Nestor
Odysseus
Patroclus
Menelaus
Helen’s
husband
Trojans
Hector
Greatest Trojan Warrior
King
Priam
Father of Hector
Aeneas
Paris
Helen’s
abductorSlide7
Who supports whom?
Greeks
Hera
Poseidon
Hermes
Athena
Trojans
Artemis
Ares
Apollo
Aphrodite
Zeus tries to remain neutral, but he shows empathy for
Priam
and
Hector.Slide8
How did it start?Eris, goddess of discord, was not invited to a wedding banquet on Mt. Olympus.Into the banquet hall, Eris tossed a golden apple inscribed “For the Fairest.”Athena, Hera, and Aphrodite asked Zeus to decide who deserved the apple.
Zeus would not choose. (He’s no fool!)
Zeus says Paris is an excellent judge of
beauty
and refers the goddesses to him.Slide9
The Judgment of ParisParis was the son of King Priam of Troy.He was rather weak and cowardly.
Priam
had sent him away from Troy because an oracle prophesied that he would be the ruin of the city.
When the goddesses appeared to him, they each offered him a bribe:
Athena would make him a great warrior.
Hera would make him ruler of Europe and Asia.
Aphrodite would give him the most beautiful woman in the world.Slide10
Who did paris choose?Paris gave the apple
to
Aphrodite.
She then took Paris
to
Helen, the most beautiful woman in
the
world.
Hera and
Athena vowed
revenge.Slide11
HelenHelen was a daughter of Zeus.She was the wife of Menelaus.Menelaus was the brother of
the
Greek King,
Agamemnon
.
See the problem?Slide12
Paris takes HelenSlide13
The Greeks RespondMenelaus asks all of Greece to help.Greek armies set off across the sea to lay siege to Troy and leave it in ashes.And so begins the Trojan War.
Helen is often referred to as “The Face that Launched a Thousand Ships.”Slide14
Odysseus and Achilles Join LateOdysseus didn’t want to fight for Helen.He thought her a faithless woman.
He did not want to leave his home (Ithaca).
Achilles was kept back by his mother.
Thetis was a sea nymph who knew he was fated to die in Troy.
She had dipped him in the river Styx to try and give him immortality. (She held him by the heel.)
Both of these great Greek warriors were later called (forced) into battle where they played important roles in many battles.Slide15
Agamemnon leader of all Greek forces during Trojan Warsacrificed his daughter (
Iphegenia
) to Artemis in order to get favorable winds for the ships to sail to Troy
offended
Achilles by taking his “prize” (a girl named
Briseis
) after
an early battleSlide16
The Battle RagesDue to the influence of various gods and goddesses, the war went back and forth for many years.You can read about the war in Homer’s
epic poem
The Iliad.
Iliad means
“a series of disastrous events.”Slide17
Achilles PoutsBecause Agamemnon offended him, Achilles refused to fight.Then things went badly for the Greeks, and they begged him to return.He
allows
Patroclus
to fight in his place, wearing his armor.
Patroclus
is killed by
Hector, who thought it was Achilles.Slide18
Achilles ReturnsEnraged over the death of Patroclus, Achilles returns to battle.His mother procures for him some new armor (made by Hephaestus).
He kills Hector and desecrates the body.Slide19
Achilles RelentsKing Priam sneaks into the Greek camp and begs Achilles to give him Hector’s body so that his son may have proper funeral rites.Achilles allows
Priam
to take the body.
After Hector’s death, Achilles does not have long to live.Slide20
The Death of AchillesAchilles was unconquerable by mortal men, but Apollo stepped in.Apollo guided Paris’s arrow into the only weak spot Achilles had: his heel.
Achilles dies from the wound.
The remaining Greeks decide his divine armor should go to the bravest remaining warrior.Slide21
Odysseus WinsOdysseus makes a speech explaining why he deserves it, and he is awarded the armor of Achilles.He then devises the final plan to end the Trojan War.Slide22
The Trojan HorseThe Greeks pretend to retreat, leaving behind a large wooden horse.The Trojans, in celebration, drag the horse inside their city as a war prize.Slide23
The Trojan Horse
Odysseus and many other Greek warriors are hiding inside the horse.Slide24
The Fall of TroyThey wait until the Trojans are asleep, and then they come out and slaughter them.The Trojan War is ended.
The Greeks won.
The Trojans lost.
Odysseus is the greatest hero remaining alive…
but now he has to get home…Slide25
SourcesGraphics in this presentation were taken from the following web sites:http://www.bulfinch.org/fables/search.htmlhttp://www.pantheon.org/http://www.messagenet.com/myths/http://mythman.com/
http://web.uvic.ca/grs/bowman/myth/index.html
http://www.paleothea.com/
http://www.entrenet.com/%7Egroedmed/greekm/myth.html
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