LO To evaluate the evidence and to decide who was responsible for the murder The Kirov Murder Mystery The murder of Sergei Kirov is one of the great mysteries of Russian history in the 1930s ID: 348164
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Slide1
Who murdered Sergei Kirov?
L/O – To evaluate the evidence and to decide who was responsible for the murderSlide2
The Kirov Murder Mystery
The murder of Sergei Kirov is one of the great mysteries of Russian history in the 1930s.
Robert Conquest argues in The Great Terror: A Reassessment (1990, p. 37) that it was a turning point in history, which not only unleashed a terror that killed millions but also determined the future of Soviet Russia.
But it was a strange mystery because we know who the murderer was. But what were the motives for the murder and who, if anybody,
arranged it
?Slide3
Sergei Kirov (1886-1934)
Born into a lower middle-class family, Kirov lost his parents early. He trained as a
mechanic, where he met activists from a nearby university. He played an active part in the 1917 Revolution and in the Civil War as head of the Military Revolutionary Committee in Astrakhan
. In 1921 he became Secretary of the Azerbaijan Central Committee and in 1923 a member of the Central Committee of the CPSU.Kirov
replaced Zinoviev
as Party Secretary in Leningrad after he was
ousted by Stalin
. He was a powerful, popular and excellent orator but opposed Stalin’s policies
on forced collectivisation.Slide4
Activity 1
Read the account of Kirov’s murder by Robert Conquest,
Stalin and the Kirov Murder (1989), and answer the following questions:In what circumstances did the assassin carry out the murder?
What strange coincidences surround the murder?Is there any evidence to link Stalin to the murder?Is there any evidence to suggest that the NKVD was involved in the murder?
Who had the best motive for the murder?
What theories can you suggest about who was responsible – was it the assassin alone or were others involved?Slide5
Activity 2
Review the evidence in your packs by completing the table. Now write an extended paragraph
explaining your decision. Say what you think is ‘certain’, ‘highly likely’, ‘likely’, ‘probable’, ‘uncertain’ or ‘open to question’.
Carried out by Nikolayev alone?Carried out by Nikolayev with help of NKVD without StalinOrdered by Stalin, arranged by NKVD, carried out by Nikolayev
You
should bear these points in mind:
Everyone agrees that
Nikolayev did the murder and that he was a disgruntled and unstable man.So far
no published evidence
has been unearthed that directly links Stalin to the murder. Most of the evidence is second or third hand and has particular biases, for example, some of it is memoirs from people fleeing the USSR during the Cold War.Slide6
Activity 3
Produce a 5-minute presentation to the class of your verdict on the Kirov murder. Do you think the murder was:
Carried out by Nikolayev aloneCarried out by Nikolayev with the help of the NKVD but without Stalin’s knowledge
Ordered by Stalin, arranged by the NKVD and carried out by NikolayevRemember!You must refer to evidence in your argument
You must review the other theories and evaluate them
Summarise your presentation with a clear argument