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Impacts of Hydrocarbon Activities on Wetlands Impacts of Hydrocarbon Activities on Wetlands

Impacts of Hydrocarbon Activities on Wetlands - PowerPoint Presentation

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Impacts of Hydrocarbon Activities on Wetlands - PPT Presentation

Paul R Krause PhD Knowledge Management Program Sensitive Ecosystem Workshop Bogota Colombia November 2012 Effects on Wetland Function or Service Impact Categories Direct Impacts Impacts from activities that occur within the boundary of the wetlands that affect wetland function ID: 934293

direct impacts activities exposure impacts direct exposure activities wetlands water wetland amp indirect chemicals chronic effects sensitive level impactsbiological

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Slide1

Impacts of Hydrocarbon Activities on Wetlands

Paul R. Krause, Ph.D.

Knowledge Management Program

Sensitive Ecosystem Workshop

Bogota, Colombia

November 2012

Slide2

Effects on Wetland Function or Service

Impact CategoriesDirect Impacts

- Impacts from activities that occur within the boundary of the wetlands that affect wetland functionIndirect Impacts

– Impacts from activities that occur outside of the boundary of the wetlands that affect wetland function through outside influence

Slide3

Direct Impacts

The world’s leading sustainability consultancy

Slide4

Direct Impacts of E&P Activities on Wetlands

Direct ImpactsPhysical

LandRemoval of wetland habitat through development activities.RoadsWell padDrilling infrastructure

tanks

oil/water separators

pipelines

Coastal facilities

housing

ports

transportation

Slide5

Direct Impacts of E&P Activities on Wetlands

Direct ImpactsPhysical

Water Loss or change in hydrogeologyChange in the water cycleRemoval of channels

Redistribution of channels

Increased

sedimentation

Increased

erosion

Restriction of flow

Loss of access

NoiseSeismic surveyOperations

Slide6

Direct Impacts of E&P Activities on Wetlands

Direct ImpactsChemical

Exposure to hydrocarbonsWaste pitsSpillsProduct (oil, condensate, gas)Produced water

Drilling muds and fluids

Production chemicals

Corrosion inhibitors

Lubricants

Exposure Point

Water

SedimentAir

Slide7

Direct Impacts of E&P Activities on Wetlands

Direct ImpactsBiological

Wetland PlantsMost wetland flora are resilient toacute hydrocarbon exposureUptake of oils is slow in wetland plants

Many chemicals are sequestered in plant tissue

Act as filtration system

Toxicity comes from chronic exposure

Plankton and Algae

More sensitive to acute

and chronic exposure

Sensitive to changes in water quality

Early warning indicators

Slide8

Direct Impacts of E&P Activities on Wetlands

Direct ImpactsBiological

There is a large body of toxicology work on biologicalimpacts of hydrocarbon exposure to organisms.Acute and Chronic ExposureLand Animals

Adult animals are less susceptible than young

to exposure of chemicals.

Exposure through direct contact of skin and fur

Exposure of young through milk

Birds

Acute exposure to adults

Exposure through eggshellsNesting materials

Slide9

Direct Impacts of E&P Activities on Wetlands

Direct ImpactsBiological

Aquatic AnimalsFishVery sensitive to aquatic exposureEffects on eggs and larval fish is highestReptiles

Toxicology data on reptiles is limited

Crocodile and Alligator species

Exposure through eggs

Amphibians

Highly sensitive at all life stages

Exposure through skin

Slide10

Indirect Impacts

The world’s leading sustainability consultancy

Slide11

Indirect Impacts of E&P Activities on Wetlands

Indirect ImpactsOften have a much wider scale of impact than direct impacts

PhysicalLandErosion caused by outside activities

Change in one area can impact far reaching areas

Erosion

Land availability

Water

Downstream exposure to aquatic systems

Beaches

NoiseDisruption of migratory corridorsGenerally temporary effects

Slide12

Indirect Impacts of E&P Activities on Wetlands

Indirect ImpactsChemical

Spills and DischargesChemicals traveling downstreamOften low level chronic exposuresChemicals impacting groundwaterWaste Pits

Chemicals in water

May affect sustainability of water systems

Chemicals in Air

Often far reaching impacts

Low level chronic exposure

Slide13

Indirect Impacts of E&P Activities on Wetlands

Indirect ImpactsBiological

BioaccumulaitonMany chemicals accumulate over long periodsin tissuesOccurs in plants and animals

Organics and Metals

Cancer and mutagenic effects

Biomagnification

Certain chemicals will build up in food webs

Higher concentrations with higher level predators

Exposure through uptake of food and water

Acute and chronic e

ffectsWell documented in scientific literatureOften low level chronic exposures

Slide14

Conclusions

Hydrocarbon exposure through oil and gas exploration activities in wetlands can take place through both direct and indirect

pathwaysPhysical, chemical

, and

biological

effects are

expected

Wetland plants are often

resilient

to direct exposure and may act as a biological filter for exposures

Effects are often most evident in eggs and juvenilesEffects can be managed effectively for wetland exposures through mitigation measures and monitoring.

Slide15

Effects on Wetland Function or Service

15

Any Questions?

Slide16

16

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