Importance of lipoproteins formation 1 Lipids are water insoluble substance and can not be trasported in an aqueous medium blood plasma 2 in order to transport lipids between blood and different tissues they are associated with a protein ID: 935296
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Slide1
Slide2Lipoproteins
-
Lipoproteins are lipids combined with proteins
.
Importance of lipoproteins formation
1- Lipids are water insoluble substance and can not be trasported in an aqueous medium (blood plasma ). 2- in order to transport lipids between blood and different tissues they are associated with a protein to form water soluble complex “plasma lipoproteins “3- This protein fraction is synthesized in the liver and intestinal mucosa and called apoprotein (apolipoprotein).4- Failure of liver to synthesize apoprotein prevents mobilization of fat from liver causing fatty liver .
Slide3Apolipoproteins or Apoproteins
They are the protein moiety of lipoproteins. They account for about 60% in HDL and only 1% in chylomicrons.
Some of these apoproteins are integral and cannot be removed and others are peripheral i.e. they are free to transfer to other lipoproteins.
Types of Apoliporproteins:
: Five types of apolipoprotiens are knownApolipoprotein A: There are Apo-A-I, Apo-A-II and Apo-A-IV. They are present in HDL lipoproteins (- lipoproteins ).
Apolipoprotein B: They are Apo-B- 48 and Apo-B-100. Apo-B-48 is present in chylomicrons and chylomicron remnants. Apo-B-100 is present in VLDL, LDL and IDL . Apolipoprotein C: They are Apo-C-I, Apo-C-II and Apo-C-III. All of them are present in VLDL, HDL and chylomicrons.Apolipoprotein D: It is present in the subfraction of HDL Apolipoprotein E: It is present in VLDL, HDL, chylomicrons and
chylomicron remnants. .
Slide4Slide5Slide6Slide7Slide8Slide9Slide10Slide11Slide12Slide13High density lipoprotein (HDL or
-Lipoprotein
):
Site of synthesis
: Intestine and Liver.Function: It carries cholesterol from tissues to the liver to be catabolized, this is called reverse cholesterol transport.Main lipid component: Cholesterol ester and phospholipids.
Apoproteins: Apo-A, Apo-C, Apo-E, and Apo-D.It is the site of action of lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase enzyme (LCAT).Deficiency of HDL leads to accumulation of cholesterol in the tissues (Tanger’s disease).
Slide14Slide15Slide16Dyslipoproteinemia
Dyslipoproteinemia
,
also referred to as dyslipidemia, encompasses a range of disorders of lipoprotein lipid metabolism that include both abnormally high and low lipoprotein concentrations, as well as abnormalities in the composition of these lipoprotein particles
Slide17Dyslipoproteinemia
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