A SEMIINAR PRESENTATION - PowerPoint Presentation

Slide1

A SEMIINAR PRESENTATION

ON

VINDHYAN SUPER GROUP

Presented by

Geologist PlanetSlide2

ContentIntroductionStratigraphic successionDescription of LithologyCorrelation

Environments of Deposition StructuresFossilsEconomic importanceSlide3

Introduction

Vindhyan Super Group is the largest Proterozoic basin of india. Sickle shape, ENE trendingBasement- Bundelkhand Craton

Concealed area- 1,62,000 km², Exposed- 62,000km² Covered by Indo- Gangetic plain & Deccan traps. Son-Narmada fault bounds the basin in the south & by the Great Boundary Fault in the NW.

Age –

Meso

Proterozoic

to Neo Proterozoic.

The Vindhyan strata are exposed in three sectors:

1. Rajasthan sector

2.

Bundelkhand

sector and

3. Son valley sector Slide4

Geological Map of Vindhyan basin

G.B.FN.S.L.Slide5
Slide6

DECCAN TRAPS Bhander Group-

Maihar Sandstone Sirbu Shale Bundi Hill Sandstone Lakheri Limestone Ganurgarh Formation Semri Group - Suket shale

Rohtas Formation Chorhat Sandstone Bargawan limestone Kheinjua shale Chopan

porcellanite

Kajrahat limestone

Arangi

Shale Deoland Sandstone B.K.G , Supra Crystals , Bijawar Group Kaimur Group -

Dhandraul

Sandstone .

Mangeswar

Formation

Bijaigarth

Shale

Markundi

Sandstone

Ghurma

Shale Sasaram Sandstone

Rewa Group- Govindgarh Sandstone . Drummondganj Sandstone Jhiri Shale Asan Sandstone Panna Shale

Unconformity/Normal contact

Conformity/facies change….

Disconformity

/gradational

conttact

Non-conformity/ Angular

uncon

.

(3000-4000 m)

(400 m)

(100-300 m)

(1300-1500 m)Slide7
Slide8

Lithostratigraphy of the Vindhyan Supergroup (Son valley).SEMRI GROUP:-This is the bottom-most Group of Vindhyan SuperGroupIts name derives from the Semri River near Bijawar.

Semri Group rest over Bundelkhand Granite non-conformable while has an angular unconformity with Bijawar Group. The basal Formation is Deoland Sandstone consists of conglomerate, cross-bedded ferruginous sandstone and shale ,exposed mainly in Rajasthan..Slide9

Kajrahat formation contains mainly limestone with few interbeds of volcaniclastics and siliciclastics Kajrahat limestone contain Stromatolites.

Kajrahat limestoneSlide10

.

Sandstones with and without mud partings and layers in Chorhat Formation. The Semri stratigraphic succession indicates the events of transgression.Slide11

By-C.

ChakrabortySlide12

KAIMUR GROUPIts named derived after the kaimur scarp.This group has conformable contact with Semri Group in Son valley in Chittorgarh while it has angular unconformable contact at kalinjar

fort.This group contain mainly sandstone & shales.Basal Formation is Sasaram sandstoneGhurma shale is a succession of finely laminated & silicified siltstone & shales.Markundi sandstone is arkosic in nature & indicate shore face environment.The Bijaigarh Shales is pyritiferous

in nature & also contain gypsum.Slide13

REWA GROUPThis group is characterised by frequent lateral facies change. This group has conformable contact with underlain Kaimur Group.

Basal Panna shale, without any basal conglomarate, indicates continuity of deposition from Kaimur Group. Red shale, limestone, barytes & glauconitic siltstone( Panna Shale & Asan Sandstone) indicate lagoonal environment. The coarsening upward sandstone with mudcracks suggested periodical exposure. Slide14

Panna Shale & Asan Sandstone separated by a diamondiferous conglomarate

at Panna. Drummondganj Sandstone & Govindgarh Sandstone are almost arenitic & ferrogenous in nature indicate fluvio-daltaic or near shore muddy tidal flat environment.Slide15

BHANDER GROUPThis Group lies conformably over Rewa Group but elsewhere shows an grdatinonal contact with

Rewa Group. The Ganurgarh chocolate shale with stromatolitic limestone and sandstone interbeds that contain intraformational breccia , halite casts, and scour and fill structures, are indicative of shoreline-lagoon-tidal flat complex-Slide16

Lakheri

Limestone with algal mats and stromatolites, desiccation structure, gypsum layers and rare ooids suggests an evaporitic environment. Elsewhere, the limestone has formed In the tidal flat-lagoon environment.Slide17

(By- C.Chakraborty)Slide18
Slide19

CorrelationKurnool System & The Raipur-Baster basin of M.P.Malani

Volcanics ,Bhima Series, Sullavai Series.Cambrian formation of the Salt-Range(Purple Sandstone) is equivalent to Upper Vindhyan.Unfossiliferous sediments of the Lesser Himalaya (Krol Formation),the Nagthat Series (Jaunsar Series) are equivalents of Vindhyan.The green and purple sandstone exposed on the Southwestern flanks of the Mussoorie syncline have a good resemblance to the Vindhyan Sandstone of the peninsula.

Along the Jodh there are Fluvial-Deltaic rocks overlying the Haimantas & having a resemblage to the Vindhyans and the Nagthats. Slide20

Structures:-Lamination, Bedding plain, Ripple marks, Cross-bedding, Current bedding, Rain-print, Gradded bedding, Current-cresent Structure, Trough, Slumping

JointsFaultsMolar-thooth

3 set jointherringbone

Cross Bedding

Parallel LaminationSlide21

Molar-Tooth Str

.Graded BeddingSlide22

Fossils:-StromatolitesTrace FossilsChuariaTawuiaMicrobial mat Fea

tureTrace Fossil

Microbial Mat Feature

Stromatolite

Stromatolite

By- S. KumarSlide23

g

Chuaria circularisTawuia

gChuaria

Circularis

By-S. KumarSlide24

Economic Importance:-Diamonds-The Panna diamond field of M.P. in Rewa rock formation.Limestone-The important deposit of limestone occurs in the Son valley region of Bihar and U.P.,

Rewa and Jabalpur areas of M.P., and Bhima valley region of Andhra PradeshPyrite:- The Bijaigarh shales of the Kaimur group contain a bed of pyrite. This bed outcrops at several places near Aajmor in Shahabad district of Bihar.Building stone:- The Vindhyan sandstone and limestones yield excellent building stone.Glass Sand:- Near Allahabad Vindhyan sands are being mined for this purpose.Slide25

SummeryVindhyans are mainly sedimentry rocks (sandstone, shale,limestone), of both fluival

and marine environments.Vindhyans are mainly tectonicaly undeform and unmetamorphose in central region while in marginal area they are deformed.They are mainly unfossiliferous, but a few formation have some fossil records.Vindhyans are more economic due to presence of diamonds, limestone, pyrite, building stone etc.Slide26

THANK YOU