High Altitude Balloon - PowerPoint Presentation

Slide1

High Altitude Balloon

Multi-Payload Project

Project Manager: Ciara WaldronPayload Integration & Systems Lead: Nicole Pinto

Presented by the Women in Aerospace for

Leadership and Development (WIALD)

Criti

cal Design ReviewThursday, January 31, 2013

WIALDSlide2

BackgroundASE 102: Introduction to Aerospace CourseTaught by Dr. Hans MarkNew version of ASE 102 should include hands on aspectCU Boulder’s BalloonSAT Program

Edge of Space Sciences (EOSS) GroupUT BalloonSAT Program?

WIALDSlide3

What is a

BalloonSAT

?

WIALDSlide4

Typical Flight Configuration

Helium Balloon

Parachute

Spreader

Payload #1

Payload #2

WIALDSlide5

Mission

Launch a high altitude balloon

to an altitude of 100,000 feet or higher (“Near Space”)Capture video/photos

Balloon LaunchAscent

Edge of Space! Burst and DescentCapture atmospheric temperature data

Track and Retrieve Payloads and Data

WIALDSlide6

What is “Near Space”?Space starts at roughly 328,000 feetDepending on size, high altitude balloons can reach between 100,000 and 140,000 feetPressure at sea level ≈ 14.7 PSIPressure at 100,000 feet ≤ 0.16 PSIOver 99% of the atmosphere is below us!

Temperatures in a high altitude balloon flight range from surface temperatures to as low as -89 ˚FRadiation is very high – materials degrade quickly

WIALDSlide7

Mission

ConOps

Program Hardware

Testing

Balloon Preparation

Payload Integration

Balloon Launch

Tracking / Locating

Immediate Result Analysis

Long Term Result Analysis

Refinement

Dry Ice – Temperature Simulations

Power Trials

Trajectory Simulations

Full Payload Testing

Clean Drop Cloth, Gloves

Black Cable Ties

Fill with Helium

Tether Line

Oooh

,

ahhh

Parachute

Payload #1

Spreader

Payload #2

Count Down Checklist

APRS.fi

GPS

Post Burst Chaos

WIALDSlide8

Helium

Helium is the most popular gas used to fill balloons since is lighter than air

Helium is safe to use since it doesn’t burn or react with other

chemicals

The weight of helium is .1785 Grams/Liter

Hydrogen is also use in balloons since is lighter than helium with a weight of .08988 Grams/Liter but is not as popular since it has a much higher fire risk than heliumA cubic feet of helium can lift approximated 28.2 grams

to find out how much helium we need, we determine the volume of the balloon 4/3 *pi*r^3 and we multiply it by 28.2 grams

WIALDSlide9

Balloon and Parachute8245-H Weather Balloon1600 Grams Natural Neck Diameter: 8.3 cmUn-inflated Diameter: 72 in.Standard Inflated Diameter: 22 ft.Burst Diameter: 27 ft.

WIALD

Payload Recovery Parachute

6 ft. diameter

Low-porosity 1.1 Rip-stop Nylon

Sizes chosen based on tabulated descent rates and payload weightsSlide10

Payload Structures

Styrofoam

Inexpensive

Works well as an insulator

Lightweight

Typically used in ballooning Black Paint

Duct Tape

WIALDSlide11

Payload Systems Overview

Accelerometers

Temperature Sensors

Lithium Batteries

Cameras

WIALDSlide12

HOBO: Accelerometer, Temperature Probe/Light Intensity Meter, CamerasTeam Lead: Ashleigh CaisonTeam Members: Susanne

Plaisted, George Sammy, Isha Patel, Alexandra Williams, Denise SalazarSlide13

HOBO Pendant Accelerometer UA-004-64Features:3-Axis, measures ±3GWaterproofOperates

in temperatures as low as -20 degrees CelsiusPower:1 3V lithium batteryOperates for up to one year (7 days in Fast mode)

Data Storage:21.8K readings in memoryLogs as fast as every 1 secondChosen for easy data readout, easy programmingSlide14

HOBO Pendant Temperature Probe/Light Intensity Meter UA-002-08Features:Measures temperatures -20 to 70 degrees CelsiusWaterproof

Power:1.3V lithium batteryOperates for up to one yearData Storage:3.5K readings to memory

Logs every 7 secondsChosen for easy data readout, easy programmingSlide15

Accelerometer and Temperature Probe

58 x 33 x 23 mmSlide16

HOBO SoftwareSlide17

Canon Powershot SD1300Features:12.1 MPPointed out and down

Programmed using Canon Hack Development Kit (CHDK)Power:Lithium-ion batteryData Storage:Stores to SD cardSlide18

CanonSlide19

Jazz HDV189 Hi-Def Deluxe Video CamcorderFeatures:8 MP

Pointed up at the balloonChosen on recommendation10 x 7 x 4 inchesPower:Lithium-ion battery

Data Storage:65 MB internal memory, SD card slot up to 32 GBSlide20

Mass BudgetSlide21

Model of PayloadSlide22

Current StatusAccomplishments:Know how to set start time for HOBOsKnow how to download data from HOBOs (software graphs it automatically)Work to be completed:Understand the CHDK processWrite a script in CHDK for the Canon

Receive the Jazz camera and determine next steps from thereTesting componentsSlide23

Team Go-ProTeam Leaders: Natalie Maka and Patil

TabanianTeam Members: Shenwei Chang, Leyna Achee,

Chantel Flores, Emily Hacopian, Enakshi Wikramanayake, Rebekah Voigt, Stephanie UwagbaiSlide24

Evaluation Board

FeaturesADXL345 Triple Axis Accelerometer InstalledMicroSD

Card Socket for FAT32/FAT16 Data LoggingUSB Connector for Serial Communication2xAA battery sockets to power board

Pre-installed firmware logs ADXL345 outputs and allows to read/write registers via USB

Basic Dimensions

69.85 x 68.56 x 1.91 mm

3

Mass and Power

24g (without batteries)

Powered by 2 AA batteries that are 23g eachSlide25

Temperature ProbeFeatures

-35 to +80°C (-31 to +176°F) Measurement Range USB Interface for Set-up and Data Download 2 User-Programmable Alarm Thresholds

Bright Red, Green and Orange LED Indication Replaceable Internal Lithium Battery IP 67 Protection

(protected against dust; protected against liquid immersion up to 1m)

Basic Dimensions Section 1: 22.86 Diameter x 47.625 length mm3

Section 2: 21.59 Diameter x 37.465 length mm3

Mass and Power

81.644g

3.6V, 1200mAh

Internal

Lithium

BatterySlide26

Go-Pro CameraFeaturesProfessional Quality, Full HD Video

Rechargeable Lithium-Ion, Built

in Battery WarmerShockproof, Bombproof, Waterproof to 197’ / 60m

Basic

Dimensions

60.96 x 30.48 x 40.64 mm

3

Mass and Power

94g (including battery)

1100mAh Lithium-ion Battery Slide27

Go-Pro Battery BacPacFeatures

Attaches to the back of camera, allowing for up to 2X* extended record times

Basic Dimensions

60.96 x 5.08 x 40.64 mm

3

Mass and Power

198.447g

Lithium-ion Battery

27

WIALD

Battery

BacPac

Go-Pro CameraSlide28

Total Mass and Power

Total Mass

Total Power

398.091

g

 0.8776

lbs

13.8 V

(without Battery

BacPac

)Slide29

Payload (Aerial)

Evaluation Board

TemperatureProbe

GoPro Camera and Battery

BacPac

Basic Dimensions

:

8 x 8 x 10 in

3Slide30

Payload (Side)

Go-Pro Camera’s LensSlide31

Payload (Angled Aerial)Slide32

Current StatusAccomplishments to date:

We have started to program the ADXL345 Evaluation Board using the Arduino Software and we are still learning how to read the acceleration data from ADXL345.We have researched and found a way to record video longer and how to get the most out of our battery.

The Go-Pro Battery BacPac will allow our camera to record twice as long (the manufacture states a battery life of 5 hours).

We have tested the Gro-Pro’s actual battery life (without the BacPac

) and it lasts under 2.5 hours while the manufacture claims 2.5 hours.(R4 recorded for 2 hours and 19 mins and R1 recorded for 2 hours and 12 mins).

We understand how each component works individually: how it logs data, it’s battery capacity, etc.Slide33

Work to be CompletedWe still need to determine where to place the temperature probe: either mounted on top or placed inside the payload with vents to expose it to the environmental temperature.

We need to program the code for the ADXL345 Evaluation Board to output information that can be easily read and understood.We need to still test all the components in extreme environments. We will run our components it in a test box with dry ice and then shock the components by then placing them in a pre-heated oven.

We still need to decide on the best resolution for the Go-Pro camera while considering the battery life.We need to test the camera with the battery

BacPac as soon as it is shipped to us and see it’s actual battery life.Slide34

Pressure Sensor

Pressure sensors have recently been added to our list of sensors onboard.

Unfortunately, for the HOBO products this means it requires a separate data logger – driving the price up.

Sparkfun

has a barometric pressure sensor that could be integrated into the breakout board with complicated coding.Slide35

APRS TrackingAPRS = Automatic Packet Reporting SystemAmateur radio-based system for real time position and altitude reporting, standard APRS Frequency Allows tracking online at http://aprs.fi

or via any APRS TrackerBalloon Package:Transmits balloon position and altitudeMicro-Trak

RTG FA High Altitude ComboV2 AntennaChase Vehicle Package: Transmits vehicle position, receives APRS data to track balloon2m HAM Radio: Yaesu

FT-7900R  transmits vehicle positionTinyTrack 4 w/ Display shows: speed and direction of balloon,

distance and direction to balloon, call sign, and altitudeGarmin GPS-V – Shows balloon/payload relative to your position in the vehicle, can be removed from vehicle to track on the ground! Slide36
Slide37

Current StatusAccomplishments to date:

Choosing components for:Balloon transmitter systemChase Vehicle Transmitter / Receiver System

We have tested the MicroTrak RTG unit

We have programmed the Garmin GPS V with Texas maps Slide38

Work to be CompletedContinue testing/learning how to operate radio & equipment

Connect TinyTrack4 to display by soldering adapter cableBuild case for TinyTrack 4 (APRS Tracker) Display

Connect all components to create chase vehicle setup

GPS

TT4

RADIO

DISPLAY

Keyboard

To summarize:

Radio transmits vehicle position to APRS

TT4 receives balloon/payload position from APRS

Display shows balloon/payload position info

Keyboard can be used to control TT4

GPS shows how to get from where the vehicle is to where the payloads areSlide39

HAM Radio LicensesSeveral WIALD members took on the challenge of becoming certified amateur operators so we could use APRS to track our balloonSo many possibilities exist in the amateur radio communityLife-long hobby for many of us…Vanity call signsLicense plates

Fun payloads ContestingCalling the ISS Slide40

SPOT Messenger

A satellite based Global Positioning System Used as an alternative when radio frequencies cannot be transmitted/received.Transmitter must always be positioned skywards, this gimbal configuration allows for the SPOT to communicate with satellites no matter the orientation of the payload.Slide41

FAA RegulationsHigh altitude balloons fall under the U.S. Federal Aviation Regulations (FAR) Part 101 related to unmanned free balloons, key points: Total lofted weight must be < 12 lbs.Each payload package must be < 6 lbs. Don’t launch near restricted airspace or heavily populated areas

Technically, under these regulations, we are not even required to notify the FAA… but we intend to be good citizens anyway:Notify the FAA about 1 week before the launchGive them instructions on how to use

http://aprs.fi and offer to give details on proposed flight and trackingSlide42

So, how do we pick where to launch?Slide43

DFW Area AirspaceSlide44

Austin Area AirspaceSlide45

Trajectory SimulationBall track:Used for simulating your flight from known wind dataEnter your Flight Data:Lat / Long

Date / Time of your LaunchExpected Ascent RateExpected BurstExpected Descent RateSee your expected route and landing zone

http://nearspaceventures.com/w3Baltrak/readyget.plhttp://weather.uwyo.edu/polar/balloon_traj.htmlhttp://

habhub.org/predict/Slide46

Cambridge Tool: Slide47

How does it measure up?47

Flight looks plausible. But

further investigation is necessary.Slide48

Mass Budget

Item

Mass Contingency (10%)

Total Mass Total Weight

HOBO - T Probe21.30 g2.13 g

23.43 g0.052 lbs

HOBO - Accelerometer

21.30 g

2.13 g

23.43 g

0.052 lbs

HOBO - Cameras

190.00 g

19.00 g

209.00 g

0.461 lbs

GoPro - Accelerometer

24.00 g

2.40 g

26.40 g

0.058 lbs

GoPro - EB Batteries

46.00 g

4.60 g

50.60 g

0.112 lbs

GoPro - T Probe

81.64 g

8.16 g

89.81 g

0.198 lbs

GoPro - Camera94.00 g9.40 g

103.40 g0.228 lbsMicroTrak RTG GPS200.00 g

20.00 g220.00 g

0.485 lbsSpot Messenger

147.40 g14.74 g162.14 g

0.357 lbs

Mounting Hardware

250.00 g

25.00 g

275.00 g

0.606 lbs

Structures

500.00 g

25.00 g

525.00 g

1.157 lbs

Total

1708.21 g

3.766

lbs

Margin

8.234 lbs

Max

12.000

lbsSlide49

Financial Budget

Level 2

Level 1

Quantity

Cost per Unit

Total Cost

1.0 Launch Package

$ 515.00

1.1

Balloon

1

$ 120.00

1.2 Parachute

1

$ 55.00

1.3 Structures

1

$ 50.00

1.4 Garmin

GPS

1

$ 40.00

1.5 Helium

1

$ 250.00

2.0 Payloads

$ 581.00

2.1 Team HOBO

$ 312.00

2.1.1 Camera

1

$ 130.00

2.1.2 Accelerometer

1

$ 75.00

2.1.3 Temperature sensor

1

$ 42.00

2.1.4 Optic USB Base Station for Pendant

1

$ 65.00

2.2 Team GOPro

$ 269.00

2.2.1 Camera

1

$ 149.00

2.2.2 Accelerometer

1

$ 15.00

2.2.3 Temperature sensor

1

$ 60.00

2.2.4 Data Logger

1

$ 45.00

3.0 Communication

$ 757.00

3.1 Micro-

Trak

RTG FA High Altitude Combo

1

$ 250.00

3.2 V2 Antenna

1

$ 19.00

3.3 Amateur Ham Radio 50W/45W

Transceiver

1

$ 310.00

3.4 TinyTrak4 Built and Tested with Case

1

$ 75.00

3.5 TinyTrak4D Display

1

$ 24.00

3.6. TinyTrak4 Cable M96C

1

$ 19.00

4.0 Miscellaneous

$ 60.00

$ 50.00

5.0 Shipping

$ 80.00

6.0 Current best estimate

$ 1983.00

7.0 Contengency (10%)

$ 198.30

8.0 Total Project Cost

$ 2181.30

9.0 Margin

$ 1818.70

Overall Project Budget

$ 4000.00Slide50

Thank you for all of your support!

Questions?

From Women in Aerospace for Leadership and Development (WIALD)