Hot Topics for Sustainability in the IE Research Agenda - PowerPoint Presentation

Slide1

Hot Topics for Sustainability in the IE Research Agenda

Eliseo Vilalta-PerdomoUniversity of Lincoln, UKJohn CorlissPEER Consultants, PC

62

nd

Annual IIE Conference and Expo

Orlando, FL, May 19-23, 2012Slide2

Outline

Aim of this presentationSustainabilityThe genealogy

Dimensions

Complementary or In Conflict

Languages

Potential contributions’

matrix

Industrial Engineering

Current position

Current

sources of improvement

Potential

unique

c

ontributions

of IE

professionals

Sustainability Division, IIE

Potential contribution

Future stepsSlide3

Aims of this presentationto identify

which part of the IE body of knowledge can contribute most effectively to sustainable development, and an initial exploration to recognize some “hot topics” that constitute the future of IE research and professional agendasSlide4

Sustainability

Genealogy

Malthus, 1798,

“It has been said that the great question is now at issue, whether man shall henceforth

start forwards with accelerated velocity towards illimitable, and hitherto

unconceived

improvement

, or be condemned to a

perpetual oscillation between happiness and misery

, and after every effort remain still at an immeasurable distance from the wished-for goal”.

Brundtland Report (March, 1987)

“to propose long-term environmental strategies for achieving sustainable development by the year 2000 and beyond”

United Nations Conference on Environment and Development, June 1992

“a comprehensive plan of action to be taken globally, nationally and locally by organizations of the United Nations System, Governments, and Major Groups in every area in which human impacts on the environment”

Global Conference on the Sustainable Development of Small Island Developing States, May-June 1994

“sustainable development programmes must seek to enhance the quality of life of peoples, including their health, well-being and safety”.

Programme for the Further Implementation of Agenda 21, June 1997

Included economic, social and environmental objectives in the sustainable development agenda

UN Millennium Declaration, 2000

Key objectives in relation to peace, security and disarmament; development and poverty eradication; protecting our common environment; human rights, democracy and good governance; protecting the vulnerable; meeting the special needs of Africa, and strengthening the United Nations

Millennium Development Goals 2005

Different strategies and actions to end poverty and hunger; universal education; gender quality; child health; maternal health; combat HIV/AIDS; environmental sustainability, and global partnership

Club of Rome, 1968

The Limits to Growth

. First environmental best-seller

IE Research & Professional agendas on sustainability, 2012

What is (ought to be) the Engineering Research Agenda to Support Sustainable Improvement?

What are (ought to be) the contributions from the Industrial Engineering discipline?Slide5

PEOPLE

PLANET

PROFIT

Sustainability

Dimensions

Bearable

Viable

Equitable

Sustainable

(Elkington, 2004)

Bearable

: affordable development that increases quality of life

Equitable

: provides similar opportunities to everybody

Viable

: runs its activities in the long-term Slide6

PEOPLE

PLANET

PROFIT

Sustainability

Complementary

or In Conflict

Resource Conflict

Development Conflict

Property ConflictSlide7

Quality of Life

(bearable)

Globalization

(equitable)

Impact

(viable)

Sustainability

Languages

Language of

global warming?

Language of

decision-making

Language of

consensus

Capital

:

Local vs. global

Standardization

Lost cost

Knowledge

Internal vs. external

Acquisition, codification, recovery & use

Efficiency & effectiveness

Lean vs. agile

Low-cost

ENVIRONMENT

(Planet)

ECONOMY

(Profit)

SOCIETY

(people)

Trade-offs

Shared value

ScienceSlide8

SOCIAL SCIENCES

TECHNICAL SCIENCES

ECONOMIC SCIENCES

Industrial Engineering

Dimensions

Ergonomics

Quality

Management

Industrial

Engineering

Quality

: process that does well what it is designed to do

Management

:

process of dealing with or control-ling things or people

Ergonomics

:

design to optimize human well-being & overall system performanceSlide9

Society

Economy

Environment

People

Coordination (language)

Profit

Equitable

Decision-making (language)

Planet

Bearable

Viable

Natural laws (language)

Effectiveness

Sustainability

Potential contributions’ matrix

Environmental perspective

IE perspective?

Effectiveness

Efficiency

Effectiveness

Sustainability

EfficiencySlide10

Industrial engineering

Current positionIE professionals have a ‘multidisciplinary’ agenda, as they study

the design, improvement, and installation of integrated systems of people, materials, information, equipment, and energy (IIE definition)

.

Active

presence of its professionals in the sustainability facets:

Economic evaluations

Environmental aspects have also been included and coded -e.g. ISO 14000.

Social concerns are considered in current engineering research agenda, -e.g. participatory design. Slide11

Industrial engineering

Current sources for improvementEFFECTIVENESS. “A dimension of organizational performance involving the ability to choose and achieve appropriate goals”.

EFFICIENCY. “A dimension of organizational performance involving the ability to make the best use of available resources in the process of achieving goals”.

SUSTAINABILITY.

To be developedSlide12

What is sustainability?

A look at IIE transactionsUnder the query of “sustainability” we find…

T.C

.

Woo (1997)

Review

of: “Re-engineering

for Sustainable Industrial Production

”, L.M

.

Camarinha

-Matos (ed.) Chapman & Hall.John Jackman (1997) Review of: “

Modeling Techniques for Business Process Re-engineering and Benchmarking”, Guy Doumeingts and Jim Browne (

eds) Chapman & Hall.

Kenneth N. McKay & Thomas E. Morton (1997) Review of: “Critical Chain

”, Eliyahu M. Goldratt The North River Press Publishing Corporation, Great Barrington, MA, 1997

.Ki-

Joo Kim & Urmila M. Diwekar (2002) ‘Hammersley

stochastic annealing: efficiency improvement for combinatorial optimization under uncertainty’, IIE Transactions,34(9), pp. 761-777

Irad Ben-Gal, Roni Katz & Yossi Bukchin (2008)

‘Robust eco-design: A new application for air quality engineering’, IIE Transactions

, 40(10), pp. 907-918Alan G. Hawkes, Lirong

Cui & Zhihua Zheng

(2011) ‘Modeling the evolution of system reliability performance under alternative environments’,

IIE Transactions, 43(11), pp. 761-772Slide13

What is sustainability?

A look at IIE transactionsKi-

Joo

Kim &

Urmila

M.

Diwekar

(2002) ‘

Hammersley

stochastic annealing: efficiency improvement for combinatorial optimization under uncertainty’,

IIE Transactions,

34(9), pp. 761-777This paper presents hierarchical improvements to combinatorial stochastic annealing algorithms using a new and efficient sampling technique. The Hammersley Sequence Sampling (HSS) technique is used for updating discrete combinations, reducing the Markov chain length, determining the number of samples automatically, and embedding better confidence intervals of the samples. The improved algorithm, Hammersley stochastic annealing, can significantly improve computational efficiency over traditional stochastic programming methods. This new method can be a useful tool for large-scale combinatorial stochastic programming problems. A real-world case study involving solvent selection under uncertainty illustrates the usefulness of this new algorithm.Slide14

What is sustainability?

A look at IIE transactionsIrad

Ben-Gal,

Roni

Katz & Yossi

Bukchin

(2008)

‘Robust

eco-design: A new application for air quality

engineering’,

IIE Transactions, 40(10), pp. 907-918The method of robust design has long been used for the design of systems that are insensitive to noises. In this paper it is demonstrated how this approach can be used to obtain a robust eco-design (ecological design). In a case study, robust design principles are applied to the design of a factory smokestack, using the Gaussian Plume Model (GPM). The GPM is a well-known model for describing pollutant dispersal from a point source, subject to various atmospheric conditions. In this research, the mean-square-error (MSE) of the accumulated and the maximum pollution values around a given target are defined as the performance measures and used to adjust the design parameters. Both analytical and numerical approaches are used to evaluate the MSE measures over the design space. It is demonstrated how to use the non-linearity in the GPM to reach a low MSE value that produces a cheaper design configuration.

The differences between the manufacturer viewpoint and the environmentalist viewpoint with respect to the considered eco-design problem are discussed and

analyzed.Slide15

What is sustainability?

A look at IIE transactionsAlan G. Hawkes,

Lirong

Cui &

Zhihua

Zheng

(2011) ‘

Modeling

the evolution of system reliability performance under alternative environments’,

IIE Transactions

, 43(11), pp. 761-772The dynamics of a system represented by a finite-state Markov process operating under two alternating regimes, for example, day/night, machine working/machine idling, etc., are modeled in this article. The transition rate matrices under the two regimes will usually be different. Also, the set of states of the system that are regarded as satisfactory may depend on the regime in operation: for example, a particular state of the system that may be regarded as satisfactory by day might not be tolerated at night (e.g., the headlights on a car not working). It is assumed that the regime durations are random variables and results are obtained for the availability of such a system and probability distributions for uptimes. Results and numerical examples are also given for two special cases: (

i) when the regimes are of fixed duration; and (ii) when the regime durations have negative exponential distributions.Slide16

What is sustainability?

A look at IIE transactionsAs the flagship journal of the Institute of Industrial Engineers, IIE Transactions publishes original high-quality papers on a wide range of topics of interest to industrial engineers who want to remain current with the state-of-the-art technologies. The refereed journal aims to foster the engineering community by publishing papers with a

strong methodological focus motivated by real problems that impact engineering practice and research

. Published monthly, the journal is composed of four focus issues:

Design and Manufacturing, Operations Engineering and Analysis, Quality and Reliability Engineering, and Scheduling and Logistics.

IIE Transactions

encourages research motivated by critical and complex engineering problems that arise in a wide variety of domains including

service, public policy, health care, security, biotechnology, transportation, and others

. The journal publishes papers that integrate industrial engineering with other disciplines including statistics, other engineering disciplines, computer science, biological science, and operations research. Articles covering new methodologies and state-of-the-art surveys are included in the journal.   Slide17

What is sustainability?

At 2011 IIE Conference-ISERC

Dimension

Topic

Papers

Contribution

Topic

Dimension

Economic

Sustainability in Supply Chains

6

18%

56%

Sustainability through Systems

5

15%

Modelling a Sustainable Solution

3

9%

Economics of Sustainability

3

9%

Life Cycle Assessment

2

6%

Environmental

Emergy - Basic Metric of Sustainability Evaluation

3

9%

18%

Environmental Sustainability

3

9%

Social

Community operational research

9

26%

26%

34

100%Slide18

What is sustainability?

IE professional & researchersIs it then the economy/environment relation what are we looking at?Where is the social dimension?Unique integrated systems perspective?Slide19

What is sustainability?IE professional & researchers

Potential role of the Sustainability Division: To become a source for better-informed sustainable decisions:

Should we buy roses from Holland or Kenya?

Kenya

:

2,200kg

CO

2

emissions

53,000

megajoules

(15% fossil)

4,237

estimated food

miles

Holland: 35,000kg CO2 emissions

550,000 megajoules (>99% fossil)221 estimated food

milesNote: According to Williams (2007) for 12,000 roses

$100 million USD annually injected ondeprived Kenyan communities

Is this the right question?Slide20

Potential unique c

ontributions of IE professionalsPolicy makers and others are more comfortable in their silos Industrial Engineers are trained to take a systems view and deal with compound complex systemsSlide21

Potential unique c

ontributions of IE professionalsMost Engineers are uncomfortable at the top of the food chainIndustrial Engineers are Visionary

Icon Consultants

Industry Peers

Accounting Firms

Industry Practitioners

Industry Associates

Regulating Organizations

Architects

Engineering Firms

Vision,

Mission, Policies

and Strategies

Goals, Priorities, Measures

Operational Procedures and Objectives

Projects to Achieve Objectives

Implement

(Bill Wallace, 2010)Slide22

Sustainability divisionPotential contribution

Some potential tasks for the Sustainability Division:Define the concept of SUSTAINABILITY in the IE context -- What is IIE’s definition of sustainabilityIdentify Hot Topics:

IE Tools which, with or without modification, are applicable to Sustainability

Fields where IE research and practice can excel Slide23

Sustainability divisionFuture steps

To test different proposition with the rest of our colleaguesWebsite-based survey?To participate in the Sustainability Division (SD)To identify the role and purpose of the SDTo be an active contributor in SDSlide24

Thank your for your attention

Questions?Comments?