PPT-The Origins of Language

Jordan Zlatev Lecture 5 Body and brain for language 1 Projects Spell out your main questions Make sure that it is relevant to language origins Define your main terms language gesture cognition adaptation culture at least provisionally. edu Computer Science Department Lindley Hall 215 Indiana University Bloomington IN 47405 USA Abstract Human language exhibits mainly arbitrary relationships between the forms and meanings of words Why would this be so In this paper I argue that arbit Creole translations of the Bible. . Most Creoles grew up around the trade routes of these empires…. British. French. Spanish. Portuguese. Dutch. Two families of pidgin English. Atlantic. Pacific. Developed in West Africa, transported to West Indies & America during slavery. In Africa they are still widely used in: Gambia, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ghana, Togo, Nigeria & Cameroon.. Jordan Zlatev. Lecture 9. Controversies and hypotheses. 1. Controversies. What is language (again!)?. When language evolved?. How it evolved. ?. Why it evolved. ? . (Lecture 10). Can language evolution be divided in “stages”? Which? . Warm-up. What is language?. How does language work?. What do all languages have in common?. What differences do you find among different languages?. Warm-up. What makes language changing?. To what extent are social class differences reflected in language?. At the beginning of the new century, . reformers. 1. . addressed many of the problems that had contributed to the social upheavals of the late 1800s.. The Origins of Progressivism. Journalists and writers exposed the unsafe conditions that factory workers, including women and children, often faced.. ancestor, ancestry . heritage . d. escend from, descendants . P. hysicist, oceanographer and broadcaster. Politician, Labour MP. English international cricketer. Film director. TV P. resenter, businesswoman. Vaibhav. . Rastogi. and Yi Yang. Objective . SOP . is outdated. Netscape introduced this policy when most content on the Internet was static. Differences amongst different resources leads to vulnerabilities. of . Language. Part 2. Tonal Language Example. Mandarin Tone Use . Word Intonation Meaning. ba [/] to uproot. ba [--] eight. ba [\/] to hold. Founder: Abraham. Formed: 2000 BCE. Where: Canaan. God: Yahweh. Canaan. History. Judaism is a religious tradition with origins dating back nearly four thousand years, rooted in the ancient near eastern region of Canaan (which is now Israel and Palestinian territories). Originating as the beliefs and practices of the people known as "Israel," classical, or rabbinic, Judaism did not emerge until the 1st century C.E. . Lecture 5. Body and brain for language. 1. Projects. Spell out your main question(s). Make sure that it is relevant to language origins!. Define your main terms: “language”, “gesture”, “cognition”, “adaptation”, “culture” – at least provisionally. Origins of the Cold War – . #8 Kennan’s Long Telegram & Containment. Developed by a young diplomat and State Department Soviet specialist, George F. Kennan. The Long . Telegram (1946) . was widely circulated within U.S. bureaucracy. Psycholinguistics,. Lecture 9. Origins. We will consider language origins from three layers:. The origin of language itself within the species (biological basis).. The origin of a language (how do languages evolve and change over time).. This is the second of the two closely linked but self-contained volumes that comprise James Hurford\'s acclaimed exploration of the biological evolution of language. In the first book he looked at the evolutionary origins of meaning, ending as our distant ancestors were about to step over the brink to modern language. He now considers how that step might have been taken and the consequences it undoubtedly had. The capacity for language lets human beings formulate and express an unlimited range of propositions about real or fictitious worlds. It allows them to communicate these propositions, often overlaid with layers of nuance and irony, to other humans who can then interpret and respond to them. These processes take place at breakneck speed. Using a language means learning a vast number of arbitrary connections between forms and meanings and rules on how to manipulate them, both of which a normal human child can do in its first few years of life. James Hurford looks at how this miracle came about. The book is divided into three parts. In the first the author surveys the syntactic structures evident in the communicative behaviour of animals, such as birds and whales, and discusses how vocabularies of learned symbols could have evolved and the effects this had on human thought. In the second he considers how far the evolution of grammar depended on biological or cultural factors. In the third and final part he describes the probable route by which the human language faculty and languages evolved from simple beginnings to their present complex state. Constant exchange of information is integral to our societies. Jean-Louis Dessalles explores how this came into being. He develops a view of language as an instrument for conversation rather than mental representation and thought. Presenting language evolution as a natural history ofconversation, the author sheds light on the emergence of communication in the hominine congregations, as well as on the human nature.