They eventually traveled into New Mexico teaching the Pueblo Indians how to ride and rope Today there are many influences from cowboy culture COWBOYS Lets see if you can recognize the modern names for these cowboy influences ID: 635031
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Slide1
Cowboys
Original cowboys came from Mexico (Aztec prisoners)
They eventually traveled into New Mexico teaching the Pueblo Indians how to ride and rope
Today there are many influences from “cowboy” culture. Slide2
COWBOYS
Let’s see if you can recognize the modern names for these “cowboy” influencesSlide3
COWBOYS
What do you know?Slide4
Cowboy True or False?
The career of a cowboy lasted from about 25 years of age to about 40 years of age.
True
40 was old for a cowboy because of the large amount of riding and work required. Slide5
The most frequent cause of death for a cowboy was from Native American’s or cattle rustlers.
False
Pneumonia or riding accidents caused most cowboy deathsSlide6
Cowboys had to be expert marksmen to protect the herd from cattle rustlers and Native American raiders.
False
A cowboy probably did not carry a pistol. If any gun was carried it would be a shotgun. Odds are very good most cowboys never shot anyone. Slide7
Famous Cowboys…
…who were probably never cowboys.
Buffalo Bill
- Had a “Wild West Show”
Martha Jane
Cannary
“Calamity Jane”
Will Bill
Hickock
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%22Wild_Bill%22_HickokSlide8
Calamity JaneSlide9
Cowboys before the Civil War
Were ranchers in the
southern Great Plains (
Texas), stayed near their farms and raised longhorn cattle.
Some
meat and other products were sold locally. That’s it.
Slide10
During the war
Many men left to fight
Union control of the Mississippi cut off trade from Texas to rest of U.S.
Cattle population grewSlide11
http://www.socialstudiescms.com/westward-expansion
The American CowboySlide12
Cowboys After the Civil War
1. Demand for beef increased in Northern cities and Texas had a lot of cows
2. railroads
reached the Great Plains
The only problem is that there was really no way to get the beef to the northern markets Slide13
Railroads Open the West
The federal government gave railroad companies a lot of land for laying track
1867 two companies begin a race to the middleSlide14
Central Pacific Railroad moved East from Sacramento, California
Union Pacific Railroad moved WEST from Omaha, NebraskaSlide15
May 19, 1869 they met at Promontory Point, UtahSlide16
but the longhorn were not near a railroad…
Cattle Rancher Joseph McCoy from Springfield,
Illinois
built holding pens around Abilene, Kansas - and the rail lines.
He also helped survey a route from Texas to Abilene to get the cows to the railroad.Slide17
Cattle Drive
cattle
had to be “driven” to the railroads
The drives happened about once a year they were
Long, dangerous trips:
heat
Native Americans
rivers
stormsSlide18
Cattle Drive Trails
Key trails helps western towns grow
Chisolm
Trial-Texas to Abilene, Kansas
Baxter Trail- Texas to Kansas City, MO
Goodnight-Loving Trial- Texas to Cheyenne, Wyo.Slide19
Cattle drive -
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PaHQ2vrt0akSlide20
Chisolm
TrailSlide21
The End of the Open West
Overgrazing
Drought and
Cold
Caused farmers to focus on smaller herds
The invention of
Barbed wire
helped them fence the herds
The open west was no more (around 1887-88)Slide22
with the rail lines open thousands moved to the Great PlainsSlide23
Great Plains Settlers
Farmers-Lived on plots of land called homesteads
a. Homestead Act (1862)- federal gov’t plan to give 160 acres of free land to any settler who would move out west and improve the land for 5 years.Slide24
Great Plain Settlers
b.
Exodusters
- nickname for African Americans who moved out west to escape the problems of South and receive free land
c. Lived in Sod Houses; Nicknamed a “Soddy” or “
Soddies
”
d. Faced h
ardships
: droughts, Native Americans attacks,
lonelinessSlide25
lived
in dugouts and
soddiesSlide26Slide27
Women’s Life
P. 399Slide28
Technology
needed to make farming more productive on the Plains
1. Steel Plow-to break up the thick soil (sod)
2. Steel Windmill- needed to pump underground water
3. Mechanical Reaper- to harvest crops
4. Barbed Wire- to prevent animals from destroying crops
5. Transcontinental Railroad/Refrigerated Cars- to transport crops to market for sell
Technology on the Great PlainsSlide29
John Green
Start at 8:00