PPT-Glycogen Biosynthesis and Metabolism – Part 5

Regulation of Glycogenolysis Figure modified from Yan A et al 2016 In J Biol Sci 121215441554 and Servier Medical Art GDP cAMP Protein Kinase A PKA PKA Regulation of . and Expands the Life Span in the Mouse Models of APBD. Houston . Merritt Neuromuscular Disease Research Center . Department . of . Pathology, . Neuromuscular Division, . Columbia . University Medical Center New York, NY 10032, . GLYCOGEN . Found in liver and skeletal muscles.. Represents 10% of weight of liver and 1-2% of muscles.. Stored in large cytosolic granules.. Elementary particles, . β. -particles consist of 50,000 glucose residues.. C483 Spring 2013. 1. Why . does glycolysis produce more energy (more ATP) from glucose units released by glycogen degradation than from free glucose?. A) Limit dextrin contains additional molecules.. Purines are biologically synthesized as nucleotides and in particular as ribotides, i.e. bases attached to ribose-5-phosphate. . Purines are synthesized by two types of pathways, the de novo pathways and the salvage pathways.. Fat and Glycerophospholipid Synthesis. 1. 2. 3. 1. 2. 3. 1. 2. 3. Phosphatidic . Acid. Glycerol-3-P. Fat (Triacylglycerol). Glycerophospholipids. Fat Breakdown. Signaling. Catalysis. Glycero. Phospho. In muscle the final products of glycogen breakdown depend on the type of muscle fiber.. Red muscle fibers. . many mitochondria and much myoglobin. . Glucose is converted primarily to pyruvate that. Longyun Guo. 1. John Morgan. 1,2. 1. Department of Biochemistry. 2. Davidson School of Chemical Engineering. Purdue University. May 2, 2019. Background. Lignin is an essential biopolymer in plant secondary cell walls . Insulin Signaling and Glycogen Synthesis. Glycogen. Primary energy storage carbohydrate in animals. Primary backbone has . a. 1 .  4 linkages and secondary . a. 1 6 linkages. Creates many ends of the molecule allowing for the fast release of glucose for energy conversion. Metabolism . https. ://. www.youtube.com/watch?v=5qjgEKqVkSo . Do all organisms have the same energy needs?. Chemical reactions are divided into what two . categories? . What are two ways organisms can obtain their energy?. Objectives. Structure of Glycogen. . Anabolism Vs Catabolism mechanisms.. Glycogen storage disorders. . Overview of Glycogen Metabolism. Excess glucose stored as glycogen. Glucose units joined by . α. FATE OF . PYRUVATE. MADE FROM GLYCOLYSIS. FATE OF . PYRUVATE. MADE FROM GLYCOLYSIS. Lactic . acid fermentation occurs in muscle cells when oxygen is in low . supply.. Human Lactate . dehydrogenase . Found in liver and skeletal muscles.. Represents 10% of weight of liver and 1-2% of muscles.. Stored in large cytosolic granules.. Elementary particles, . β. -particles consist of 50,000 glucose residues.. Metabolic relationship of Amino Acids. Biosynthesis of Amino Acids. The carbon skeletons of many amino acids may be derived from metabolites in central pathways, allowing the biosynthesis of some, but not all, the amino acids in humans. Glycogen storage diseases (GSDs) occur when a defective enzyme is involved in a pathway for glycogen storage or degradation.. A micrograph shows an excess of stored glycogen (blue) in a liver biopsy of a patient with Cori’s disease..