PPT-Glycogen Biosynthesis and Metabolism – Part 1

Insulin Signaling and Glycogen Synthesis Glycogen Primary energy storage carbohydrate in animals Primary backbone has a 1 4 linkages and secondary a 1 6 linkages Creates many ends of the molecule allowing for the fast release of glucose for energy conversion. GLYCOGEN . Found in liver and skeletal muscles.. Represents 10% of weight of liver and 1-2% of muscles.. Stored in large cytosolic granules.. Elementary particles, . β. -particles consist of 50,000 glucose residues.. C483 Spring 2013. 1. Why . does glycolysis produce more energy (more ATP) from glucose units released by glycogen degradation than from free glucose?. A) Limit dextrin contains additional molecules.. Pratt and . Cornely. Chapter 19. Regulation by Compartmentalization. Form of reciprocal regulation. Degradation vs biosynthesis. Requires transporters. Specialization of organs. Fuel Storage. Fuel Usage: About 7000 kJ/day minimum. Marks. 5 marks. Conducting the experiment. 2 marks. Questions. 15 marks. Report. 13 marks. Quiz. Practical 15. Theoretical. 10. Midterm. Practical 25. Theoretical. 15. Final. Total marks= . 100 marks. Fat and Glycerophospholipid Synthesis. 1. 2. 3. 1. 2. 3. 1. 2. 3. Phosphatidic . Acid. Glycerol-3-P. Fat (Triacylglycerol). Glycerophospholipids. Fat Breakdown. Signaling. Catalysis. Glycero. Phospho. In muscle the final products of glycogen breakdown depend on the type of muscle fiber.. Red muscle fibers. . many mitochondria and much myoglobin. . Glucose is converted primarily to pyruvate that. Intermediary Metabolism. OR. Interrelationship Between Various Metabolic . Pathways. OR. Interdependence Of Metabolic Pathways. To Better Understand Metabolism Of Various Biomolecules . Metabolism of each . Regulation of . Glycogenolysis. Figure modified from . Yan, A., et al (2016) In J . Biol. . Sci. 12(12):1544-1554. and . Servier. Medical Art. GDP. cAMP. Protein Kinase A. (PKA). PKA. Regulation of . Gluconeogenesis continued…………………... Class name – IVH. Course name - ZOO-Biochemistry. (Rohit). Overview of Gluconeogenesis. First step (. Conversion of Pyruvate to Phosphoenolpyruvate. Glucagon Signaling in the Liver. Image from . Hædersdal. , S., et al (2018) Mayo Clinic Proceedings 93(2):217-239. Glucagon Signaling. Primary target sites:. Liver – Purpose to release glucose into the bloodstream. FATE OF . PYRUVATE. MADE FROM GLYCOLYSIS. FATE OF . PYRUVATE. MADE FROM GLYCOLYSIS. Lactic . acid fermentation occurs in muscle cells when oxygen is in low . supply.. Human Lactate . dehydrogenase . Found in liver and skeletal muscles.. Represents 10% of weight of liver and 1-2% of muscles.. Stored in large cytosolic granules.. Elementary particles, . β. -particles consist of 50,000 glucose residues.. &. The Pentose Phosphate Pathway. Dr. . Shaimaa. . Munther. . Glycogen Metabolism. A constant source of blood glucose is an absolute requirement for human life. Glucose is the greatly preferred energy source for the brain, and the required energy source for RBC and muscle, since it’s the substrate for anaerobic . 5 marks. Conducting the experiment. 2 marks. Questions. 15 marks. Report. 13 marks. Quiz. Practical 15. Theoretical. 10. Midterm. Practical 25. Theoretical. 15. Final. Total marks= . 100 marks. Mid term date: .