Solomon Islands Government Based on Outline Main components of coastal fisheries Indirect effects of climate change Direct effects of climate change Projected changes to coastal fisheries production ID: 1014888
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1. Projected changes to coastal fisheries Solomon Islands Government
2. Based on......
3. OutlineMain components of coastal fisheriesIndirect effects of climate changeDirect effects of climate changeProjected changes to coastal fisheries productionPriority management measures
4. Coastal fisheries – Solomon Islands
5. What are coastal fisheries?Demersal fishNearshore pelagics InvertebratesSpecies not considered Deepwater snapperSharks
6. Demersal fish
7. Nearshore pelagic fish
8. Invertebrates
9. Coastal fisheries – Solomon Islands8,925 t/yr5,750 t/yr3,575 t/yrGillett 2009
10. Indirect effects of climate change% coral cover
11.
12. 65% decline in abundance and diversity of fishes
13. Proportional changeTime after extensive coral loss (years)0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 100.50-0.5-1MacroalgaeCoral coverHabitatcomplexityEffects of habitat degradation
14. Proportional changeTime after extensive coral loss (years)0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 100.50-0.5-1Coral reef fishesMacroalgaeCoral coverHabitatcomplexityEffects of habitat degradation
15. Coral associatedHighly vulnerableReef associatedVulnerableGeneralistsNot vulnerableCatch composition
16. Catch composition – Solomon IslandsPercentCatch Availability
17. Importance of herbivorous fish
18. Direct effects of climate changeTemperaturepH
19. Temperature (oC)Maximum growth28-30oCAcanthochromis polyacanthus Growth (mg/week)Projected increase3oC by 2100Effects of temperatureZarco Perello and Pratchett 2012
20. Maximum growth28-30oCGrowth (mg/week)Effects of temperatureFewer &smaller fishesDeclines in: growth lifespan reproductionProjected increase3oC by 2100Temperature (oC)Zarco Perello and Pratchett 2012
21. Effects of temperatureNormal spawning temperature
22. Effects of ocean acidificationAbaloneByrne 2012
23. Effects of ocean acidificationMunday et al 2012
24. Projected coastal fisheries productionSolomon Islands Fisheries% catch203520502100Main effectsDemersal fish50-2 to -5%-20%-20 to -50%Habitat loss and degradationNearshore pelagic fish310%-10%-15 to -20%Changes in distribution of tunaInvertebrates190 to -5%-5 to -10%-10 to -20%Ocean acidification
25. Priority management measuresProtect structural complexity and biological diversity of coral reefs, mangroves and seagrass to sustain fisheries and maximise adaptation potentialRecognise ecological importance of herbivorous fish and ensure stocks are sufficient to maintain ecosystem functionsMaintain adequate spawning stocks of all species to help overcome the shocks of greater climate extremes
26. ConclusionsCoastal fisheries are critically important for both food security and livelihoodsEffects of climate change will add to existing pressures (e.g. overfishing)Improved catch data are needed for monitoring effects of climate change on coastal fisheries:separate data for each main category of coastal fisheries subsistence fisheries catches
27. Thank youj.johnson@c2o.net.au