Fertile Crescent Unit Test Study Guide - PowerPoint Presentation

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Fertile Crescent

Unit Test Study Guide

Tigris and Euphrates Rivers

Provided

Fish for Food

Used for Trading

Used for Travel

Provided Water to Drink

Provided

Fertile

S

oil

for Farming

How did the geographical features of the Fertile Crescent impact the civilizations?

Tigris

and Euphrates RiversCivilizations grew

due to a surplus of crops and specialization of jobs.

How did the geographical features of the Fertile Crescent impact the civilizations?

Plains

Plains provided large areas of

flat land with rich soil that was good for farming.

How did the geographical features of the Fertile Crescent impact the civilizations?

Mountains

Provided the

water source for the two riversProvided protection from northern invaders

How did the geographical features of the Fertile Crescent impact the civilizations?

Religion

Religion

Religion of the Early People

Religion of Judaism

Where did it Begin?

Fertile

Crescent

(Mesopotamians)

Fertile Crescent

God went to Abraham and told him to believe in only 1 god

Abraham is considered the “founder” of Judaism

What were their religious Books?

n

one

Torah

What were their religious Buildings?

ziggurats

temple or

synagogue

What were their religious Beliefs?

polytheistic

(belief

in many gods)

Divine Kingship – believed that gods chose the kings and that the right to rule was God-given

monotheistic

(belief in one god)

Ten Commandments – God gave Moses this set of rules to follow

How did religion impact the daily life of people in the Fertile Crescent?

Religion of the Early People (polytheistic)

They tried to

keep the gods happy by:worshipping many gods

providing offerings

making sacrifices

How did religion impact the daily life of people in the Fertile Crescent?

provided guidance for the worship of God

provided rules for moral behavior (living as a good person)

Judaism (monotheistic)

They tried to live as a good person by following

the Ten Commandments which:

Achievements

irrigation

cuneiform

Hammurabi’s Codewheel

plow

Adaptations

How did people of the Fertile Crescent meet their basic needs?

Food:

used the rivers as a source of fresh water and foodused irrigation systems to get water from the rivers to the fieldsdomesticated goats, cattle, and sheep

Clothing:once people began to specialize (not everyone needed to farm) some became weaversShelter:used reeds from the marshy areas near rivers to build huts

made bricks by mixing mud with strawthrough trade, they were able to obtain copper, stone, and wood

Invention of Writing:

cuneiform

(Sumerian system of picture writing)

left a written record for historians

a new way of communication in the Fertile Crescenttaxes, arguments, literature, business transactions, etc. were now written down

Why was the invention of writing such an important achievement?

King Hammurabi

His government was a

monarchy (ruled by one person).

He wanted his laws to be fair so that

the strong could not harm the weak.

His laws were clearly written down so everyone knew them and were expected to obey them.

King Hammurabi’s Philosophy:

“An Eye for an Eye”

– which means the punishment fits the crime.

King Hammurabi

strict laws to keep order

laws were clearly written down so everyone knew them and were expected to obey them

an “eye for an eye” meant the punishment fit the crime

What impacts did Hammurabi’s Code have on the people?

Economics: Why was the growth of

trade

important? both goods and ideas were exchanged

trade led to a rich life because of the sharing of ideas between cultures they had more resources available to them

Can you complete the social pyramid?

King

Government OfficialsAnd PriestsScribes, Merchants, and Artisans

Farmers and Slaves