PPT-Unit II First law of thermodynamics, Internal energy, Heat capacity, Specific heat and

Clausius Clapeyron equation Temperature dependence of entropy Statistical interpretation of entropy Consequences of third law Nernst heat theorem Equilibrium constant VanHoff equation Concept of fugacity activity and mole fraction. D. efine thermal capacity.. Explain the significance of high and low specific capacities.. HEAT CAPACITY. The . amount of thermal energy needed to raise . the temperature of . substance . by 1. 0. C. . – branch of physics concerned with the study of both thermal and mechanical (or . dynamical. ) concepts.. Application: Steam Engines in 1800’s. Adiabatic Example:. When a particular piston is released, it expands adiabatically, lifting a weight. The internal energy goes down 10 J. How high was the weight lifted?. On the front counter there is a perpetually thirsty bird. Do NOT touch him.. Write down all your . observations. of the motion. Do not try to explain why it’s happening—just look at WHAT is happening. . These areas have extra notes to help you.. Make notes as we go along, always including these post-its. Notes. Objectives. Objectives. BRONZE. To define ‘latent heat’. SILVER. To be able to measure latent heat. Introduction to Heat. Heat is a form of energy.. A large amount of energy ends up as heat.. Example: in a car some of the chemical energy stored in petrol is turned into heat energy. . Heat can have a significant effect on solids, liquids and gases (such as expansion).. Section 9.1: Temperature and Thermal Equilibrium. Defining Temperature. Temperature: a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance. Adding or removing energy usually changes temperature. The ability to do work.. Conserved.. Made . of heat and work.. A . state . function. :. . values . that depend on the state of the substance, and not on how that state was reached. . Independent . of the path, or how you get from point A to B.. : The Experimental Measurement of Heat. Outline. Background. Exothermic . vs. Endothermic Reactions. Heat Capacity. Specific Heat. Specific Heat of Selected Substances and Mixtures. Relevance. Background. Calorimetry. 1. Temperature and Energy. 2. We relate energy and temperature by discussing a substance’s heat capacity.. Heat Capacity = heat required to raise temp. of an object by 1. o. C. more heat is required to raise the temp. of a large sample of a substance by 1. Heat. Heat. is energy that flows from a higher-temperature object to a lower-temperature object because of the difference in temperatures.. SI Unit of Heat:. joule (J).. SI unit for heat is the joule, J. Thermometry. Concept of temperature. Boyle’s Law. Charles’ Law. Thermometers. Thermocouple. Calorimetry. Platinum resistance scale. Absolute zero. Lower fixed point. Temperature gradient. Thermodynamic . Define the term ‘internal energy’.. Explain the differences in the forces of attraction found between particles of a gas compared to particles of a solid.. Explain what is meant by ‘latent heat’. Study guide is posted in the homework of the webpage.. Exam 1 is on . Friday, February 3. th. .. We often speak of . heat . as though it were a . material . that flows from one object to another; it is not.. | Thermal . Physics. Conductors and Insulators. Label this image. Conductor. A material through which energy can be easily transferred as heat. Insulator. A material that transfers energy poorly. Conductor.