U.S. History EOC Review - PowerPoint Presentation

Slide1

U.S. History EOC Review

The Modern AgeSlide2

Afghanistan

This land-locked country is located between Iran and Pakistan and was ruled for more than two decades by the Taliban.Slide3

AIDS

This disease, which attacks the natural defense systems of humans, burst onto the scene in the 1980s.Slide4

Al Qaeda

This is a militant extremist group of Sunni Jihadists who have resorted to terrorist activities to reach their aims, including 9/11. They were founded by Osama bin Laden.Slide5

Arab Oil Embargo

This economic trade barrier was enacted by some members of OPEC following the U.S

.'s

support of Israel in the Yom Kippur War.Slide6

Artificial Heart

In 1982, Dr. Robert

Jarvik

introduced the

"

Jarvik

7

,"

the first ___ ___ to be successfully implanted into a

person's

chest.Slide7

Axis of Evil

This term was used by President George W. Bush to describe the governments of Iraq, Iran, and North Korea.Slide8

Barack Obama

He was the first African American President elected in the United States, winning the election of 2008.Slide9

Begin

He was the Prime Minister of Israel (1977-1983) and worked to bring peace with Egypt in the Camp David Accords of 1978.Slide10

Bill Clinton

He won the first of two Presidential elections in 1992, defeating George H.W. Bush.Slide11

Bill Gates

A businessman and philanthropist, he took a little computer program in the 1970s and 1980s and turned it into the cornerstone of the Microsoft Corporation.Slide12

Camp David Accords

This was the 1978 series of talks between U.S. president Jimmy Carter, Israeli Prime Minister

Menachem

Begin and Egyptian president Anwar Sadat.Slide13

Contract With America

This is the name given to the 1994 pledge by Republicans running for Congress to initiate conservative legislation and gain control of the House of Representatives for the first time in 40 years.Slide14

Dell

Born in 1965, this Texas businessman founded a computer and information technology company that bears his name, making him one of the richest men in the world.Slide15

Earl Warren

This Chief Justice from 1953 to 1969 helped determine many decisions by the Supreme Court including racial segregation, civil rights and separation of church and state.Slide16

Egypt

This modern-day country was one of the most advanced ancient civilizations. Human habitation around the Nile river valley began at least 10,000 BCE.Slide17

Election Of 2000

This saw George W. Bush defeat Al Gore in a hotly contested election, ultimately involving the U.S. Supreme Court.Slide18

Engel v. Vitale

This Supreme Court case from 1962 held school-led prayer in public schools is a violation of the First

Amendment's "

Establishment Clause

."Slide19

Escobedo v. Illinois

In this 1964 Supreme Court case, the Court held that individuals have the right to an attorney when an

"

investigation is no longer a general inquiry...but has begun to focus on a particular suspect

..."Slide20

Exxon Valdez

This was the name of the ship- and the 1989 event caused by it- that that ran aground in Prince William Sound, Alaska, resulting in the second-largest oil spill in U.S. history.Slide21

Facebook

This internet-based social media website launched in 2004 and quickly became both an avenue for interaction between people and for interaction between people and entertainment, businesses, and political leaders.Slide22

Falwell

He was an evangelical Southern Baptist minister, founder of Liberty University (1971), co-founder of The Moral Majority (1979), and an unofficial adviser to Presidents Ronald Reagan and George W. Bush.Slide23

Ford

He became the President of the United States following the resignation of Richard Nixon.Slide24

Gaza

This is the piece of land lies between Israel and Egypt and is one of the Palestinian territories whose boundaries were formed following the Arab-Israeli War of 1948.Slide25

George H. W. Bush

This Texan was the director of the Central Intelligence Agency (1976-1977), Vice-President of the United States (1981-1989), and President of the United States (1989-1993).Slide26

George W. Bush

This person has been the Governor of Texas (1995-2000) and the President of the United States (2001-2009), and is also the son of a former President.Slide27

Gideon v. Wainwright

This 1963 Supreme Court case ruled that states are required by the 6th Amendment to provide legal counsel for defendants if they can not afford their own lawyer.Slide28

Golda Meir

She was elected Prime Minister of Israel in 1969 and was

Israel's

first and the

world's

third female to hold such an office.Slide29

Gore

He was Vice-President of the United States (1993-2001), loser of the Presidential Election of 2000, and winner of the 2007 Nobel Peace Prize.Slide30

Griswold v. Connecticut

This decision in this 1965 Supreme Court case reversed a Connecticut ban on the sale of contraceptives.Slide31

Guantanamo Bay

This is the name given to the U.S. Military installation on the southeastern corner of Cuba, obtained as a result of the Spanish American War (1898) and used presently to detain terrorism suspects.Slide32

Hamas

This organization was formed to create an Islamic state in the West Bank and the Gaza Strip and it has been identified as a potential terrorist threat to the United States and Israel.Slide33

Homeland Security

This Cabinet-level Federal agency was created in 2002 in the wake of the September 11 attacks and is charged with protecting the country from future terrorist attacks and providing aid after natural disasters.Slide34

Human Genome Project

This scientific undertaking began in the 1990s for the purpose of mapping out and understanding the genetic makeup of humans.Slide35

Impeachment

This is the formal accusation against a Federal (or state) official for wrong-doing while in office. It is the first step in the process of removing the official from office.Slide36

Internet

This information-sharing network began to evolve in the mid-Twentieth Century as a United States Government project to help the military communicate better, though now it can be used by everyone to read news, play games, and stay in touch with each other.Slide37

Iran

The Ayatollah Khomeini was a Shia Muslim cleric who was responsible for leading a revolution in this country in 1979.Slide38

Iran-Contra Affair

This is the name given to the complex series of events in the mid-1980s in which arms were illegally sold by a covert group of military advisors in the United States to a country in the Middle East for cash and their help in getting western hostages released from the Middle East. Also illegal was the use of the money from the illegal arms sales to illegally purchase arms for a group of revolutionary fighters in Nicaragua.Slide39

Iraq

This country was the site of war with its neighbor in the 1980s and wars with the U.S.- and its allies- in the early 1990s and early 2000s.Slide40

Israel

This country was formed in 1948 from the land once known as Palestine and has served as a homeland for the Jewish people.Slide41

John Mitchell

He was both the head of Richard

Nixon's

re-election campaign and the Attorney General of the United States (1969-1972), though he was eventually imprisoned for his role in the Watergate break-in and

coverup

.Slide42

Judicial Activism

This is the judicial philosophy of using the interpretive power of the courts to correct legal injustices.Slide43

Judicial Restraint

This is the judicial philosophy of upholding all previously established laws unless there is a clear violation of the Constitution.Slide44

Law of Return

This is the name of legislation enacted by the Israel in 1950 that granted any Jewish person immediate Israeli citizenship upon settlement in the newly-created country.Slide45

Liddy

He was the man put in charge by Richard Nixon in the Watergate burglaries, eventually spending over four years in Federal prison for his role.Slide46

Love Canal

This was a neighborhood close to Niagara Falls, New York, that was the site of a toxic waste disaster in the mid-1970s when it was discovered that thousands of tons of waste had been buried below the residential areas.Slide47

Middle East

This is the modern-day name given to the region east of the Mediterranean Sea, north and east of the Red Sea, and North of the Arabian Peninsula.Slide48

Miranda v. Arizona

This is the court case that upheld that the Fifth Amendment privilege against self-incrimination requires law officials to advise a suspect of his rights to remain silent and to obtain a lawyer.Slide49

Monica Lewinsky

She was at the heart of President

Clinton's

impeachment proceedings as a former intern at the White House.Slide50

Moral Majority

This is the name of the conservative religious special interest group that was founded by Reverend Jerry

Falwell

in 1979.Slide51

Murrah Federal Building

This was the name of the government building in Oklahoma City that was targeted by terrorist Timothy McVeigh in 1995.Slide52

NAFTA

This is an agreement signed in 1993 to reduce tariffs between the United States, Canada, and MexicoSlide53

Nasser

He was the second president of Egypt (1956-1970), nationalized the Suez Canal that same year, and held great influence in the Middle East.Slide54

NATO

This is an international organization created by the U.S. and its allies in 1949 to prevent attacks by the Soviet Union.Slide55

New York Times v. Sullivan

The decision in this Supreme Court case from 1964 said that newspapers are not subject to libel for making statements they believe to be true but later turn out to be false.Slide56

Nixon

He was President from 1969-1974 and resigned from office due to the Watergate scandal.Slide57

Obstruction Of Justice

This is a criminal offense in which an elected or governmental official attempts to use his/her position to illegally affect a legal matter.Slide58

Oklahoma City Bombing

This act of domestic terrorism occurred in 1995, a bombing which targeted the

Murrah

Federal Building and killed nearly 170 people, including 19 children

.Slide59

OPEC

This is an international cartel developed in 1965 to stabilize international oil prices, oversee petroleum imports and investments.Slide60

Osama Bin Laden

This Saudi Arabian man was the organizer of the September 11th attacks and was the head of the Al-Qaeda terrorist group.Slide61

Palestine

This is the name of a region in the Middle East whose people have been without a homeland since the formation of Israel after World War II.Slide62

Pardon

This is the act of a political executive officially forgiving a person of any crime that person may have committed, and it is what Richard Nixon received from Gerald Ford.Slide63

PATRIOT Act

This is legislation passed in the aftermath of 9/11 that expanded law enforcement agencies authority for the purpose of fighting terrorism.Slide64

Pentagon Papers

When this was published by the New York Times in 1971, it not only chronicled the history of U.S. involvement in Vietnam, but it showed a systematic pattern of deception perpetrated by the U.S. Government in its involvement in Vietnam.Slide65

Persian Gulf

This body of water is found between Saudi Arabia and Iran and was a focus of both the Iran-Iraq War and the war following the invasion of Kuwait by Iraq in 1990.Slide66

Persian Gulf War

This was a conflict in 1990-1991 between Iraq and the US-led coalition forces to liberate Kuwait after the Iraqi invasion.Slide67

PLO

This is a multi-party confederation founded in 1964 representing the Arab peoples of the Middle East. They have been in constant conflict with Israel over disputed lands.Slide68

Reynolds v. Sims

This 1964 Supreme Court decision held that State legislative districts had to have roughly the same number of people in them.Slide69

Roe v. Wade

This was the Supreme Court case that declared that most state and federal laws restricting abortion were unconstitutional and violated

women's

rights according to the 14th amendment.Slide70

Sadat

He was the President of Egypt when the Camp David Accords were reached, but was assassinated three years later in 1981.Slide71

Saddam Hussein

He was President of Iraq from 1979 to 2003. He was in power during the Persian Gulf War and repressed independence movements of groups within Iraq.Slide72

Search Engine

This is a computer-based tool, usually accessed on the internet, which is used to find webpages containing specified words or phrases.Slide73

September 11th

This was the series of organized terrorist attacks on the United States by Al Qaeda by suicide commercial plane crashes in New York City, Arlington,

Va

and Pennsylvania.Slide74

Smart Phone

This is the broad name or term given to a cellular phone that also has capacities and functions usually found in a personal computer.Slide75

Stem Cells

The research into these biological cells proved to be both a great scientific opportunity and a political and ethical controversy in 1990s and 2000s American society.Slide76

Steve Jobs

In the late 1970s his company, Apple, developed and released the first

"personal"

computer.Slide77

Taliban

This group was driven from power in Afghanistan by US-led forces shortly after the terrorist attacks in the United States in September of 2001.Slide78

Thomas

He was the second African American to serve on the U.S. Supreme Court after being nominated by President George H.W. Bush in 1991 and surviving a contentious confirmation hearing in the U.S. Senate.Slide79

Turkey

This country is located between the Black Sea and the Mediterranean Sea, and was once the heart of the Ottoman Empire.Slide80

United Nations

This is an international organization created following World War II to provide a way to negotiate disputes.Slide81

USS Code

Al Qaeda orchestrated a suicide bombing on this U.S. Navy destroyer on October 12, 2000, killing 17 servicemen and injuring 39 others.Slide82

Vietnamization

This term refers to the strategy of the United States during the second-half of the Vietnam War in which combat operations were to be turned over entirely to an American-trained Army of South Vietnam.Slide83

Watergate

This is the name given to scandal that eventually resulted in the resignation of President Richard Nixon in 1974.Slide84

Website

This is a

"location"

on the internet, containing information, or links to other such locations on the web.Slide85

Woodward

He was the

Washington Post

investigative journalist who, along with Carl Bernstein, cracked the Watergate scandal that brought down President Richard Nixon.