IN BRITAIN 18151848 Karl Marx b elieved that England was ripe for a proletarian revolution PARLIAMENT House of LORDS House of COMMONS Hereditary Nobility amp Church Leaders Elected ID: 237265
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Slide1
REFORM
IN BRITAIN
1815-1848Slide2
Karl Marx
b
elieved that England was ripe for a proletarian revolution.Slide3
PARLIAMENT
House of
LORDSHouse of
COMMONS
Hereditary Nobility
& Church Leaders
“Elected”
(LIMITED Suffrage)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Houses_of_Parliament_series_(Monet
)
Slide4
PROPERTY
REQUIREMENTSTO VOTE & HOLD OFFICE
Photo by
stu_spivackSlide5
House of
Commons
Dominated by LANDOWNERSSlide6
ROTTEN BOROUGHS
Photo by Donald Lee
PardueSlide7
bor·ough
Photo by Donald Lee
Pardueˈbərō
A district, town, or administrative unitSlide8
Which states had the most electoral votes in 1912?
1912 Presidential ElectionSlide9
2012 Presidential Election
Where had the U.S. population shifted by 2012?Slide10
Parliamentary districts did not reflect the population shifts caused by the Industrial Revolution.Slide11
POLITICAL PARTIES
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Houses_of_Parliament_series_(Monet
) TORIES
(Conservatives)
WHIGS
(Liberals)
Landed Gentry
BusinessmenSlide12
Rotten Boroughs
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Houses_of_Parliament_series_(Monet
) allowed the Tories to control Parliament.Slide13
AND ENRICH
THEMSELVES
Photo by
epSos
.deSlide14
Corn Laws
Protective Tariff
on foreign wheat“Corn”
(1815)Slide15
PRICES
“Corn”Slide16
The Corn Laws
e
nriched the landed gentry at the expense of everyone else.
Photo by Andrew WilkinsonSlide17
1 / 12
of adult males could vote before 1832.
Photo by stu_spivackSlide18
I really need
to VOTE!Slide19
http://www.britishmuseum.org
Slide20
Redistricting to reflect population shifts
Rotten Boroughs
Reform ACT
of 1832Slide21
Reform ACT
of 1832
Suffrage for the urban
middle
class
(
lowered
property requirements)Slide22
1
/ 6
of adult males could vote after the 1832 Act.
Photo by
stu_spivackSlide23
STILL COULD NOT
Photo by
stu_spivack
5
/ 6Slide24
NO SUFFRAGE
for theWORKING CLASSSlide25
CONSERVATIVE LEADERS
Resisted Working Class
Agitation.Slide26
“
Peterloo
” MASSACRE1819
The cavalry charged into a working class
protest, killing 15 and injuring hundreds.Slide27Slide28
CHARTISTS
Working class activists who supported
the People’s Charter1838-1850Slide29
SIX POINTS of
CHARTISm
UNIVERSAL MALE SUFFRAGEEQUAL-SIZED electoral districts Voting by SECRET BALLOT
NO PROPERTY QUALIFICATION
PAY
for members of Parliament
ANNUAL ELECTIONS
of Parliament
Slide30
DEMOCRATIC
REFORMSlide31
SIX POINTS of CHARTISm
UNIVERSAL MALE SUFFRAGE
EQUAL-SIZED electoral districts Voting by SECRET BALLOTNO PROPERTY QUALIFICATION
PAY
for members of Parliament
ANNUAL ELECTIONS
of Parliament
Slide32
1.3 million
Signatures
on the 1839 People’s Charter
Photo by Ian
StannardSlide33
The House of Commons
did
not accept the petition.Slide34
1838-1848
DEMONSTRATIONSSlide35
Photo by Robin
Drayton
Chartist Mural in Newport
1978-2013Slide36
Photo Source:
South Wales Chartist NetworkSlide37
Photo Source:
South Wales Chartist NetworkSlide38
Photo Source:
South Wales Chartist NetworkSlide39
Photo Source:
South Wales Chartist NetworkSlide40
Photo Source:
South Wales Chartist NetworkSlide41
Photo Source:
South Wales Chartist NetworkSlide42
GREAT CHARTIST MEETING
(1848)Slide43
ChartistsSlide44
Chartists: 300,000
Government: 15,000
Sun. Observer 50,000
Attendance estimates:Slide45
SIX POINTS of CHARTISm
UNIVERSAL MALE SUFFRAGE
EQUAL-SIZED electoral districts Voting by SECRET BALLOTNO PROPERTY QUALIFICATION
PAY
for members of Parliament
ANNUAL ELECTIONS
of Parliament
Slide46
Short term
NOT ACTED UPON
LONG term
All but annual elections eventually took effect.Slide47
FREE
TRADESlide48
ANTI-CORN LAW LEAGUE
Both liberals and radicals opposed the Corn Laws.Slide49
ANTI-CORN LAW LEAGUE
Radical
Opposition
LIBERAL
Opposition
Lower Grain
Prices
Cheaper Food
Pay Workers LessSlide50
IRISH
POTATO
FAMINE1845-1852Slide51
1845-1852
IRISH
POTATO FAMINESlide52
HOWcan Parliament keep the price of “corn” artificially high
when people are STARVING?Slide53
Sir Robert
PEELPeel’s administration
“re-peeled” the Corn Laws (get it?). Slide54
REFORM FROM above
RADICAL
AGITATIONSlide55
Reform measures
MINES ACT 1842
CORN LAWS REPEALED 1846TEN HOUR ACT 1847
Passed by Parliament in lieu of Chartist proposalsSlide56
ENGELS TO BRITISH WORKERS
“In order to divert you from the People’s Charter, the only goal important to you, they spawn all sorts of projects for superficial reforms.”
-- Friedrich Engels, MarxistSlide57
Reform > Revolution
Parliament’s willingness to pass modest reforms saved Britain from the revolutionary upheavals that happened on the continent.Slide58
ULTIMATELY
Workers just want
more money
Photo by William
WarbySlide59
AND FOOD
Photo by Rebecca
PartingtonSlide60
NOT A REVOLUTION
Photo by William
WarbySlide61
HMPHSlide62