Unit- 2 TEXT & GRAPHICS - PowerPoint Presentation

1. Unit- 2TEXT & GRAPHICS

2. 2.1. 1 TextThey are characters that are used to create words, sentences and paragraphs Text provides just one source of information. Text content items are essentially empty fields in which you can add text and links to websites.

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4. 2.1.2 Text Technology In information technology, text is a human-readable sequence of characters and the words they form that can be encoded into computer-readable formats such as ASCII .Different types of Text ( Font - Name)Times in romanSans serifArial Arial – blackEtc……

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6. 2.1.3. Text Data FilesText data files are provided primarily to allow you to export data values from Echo view, process them using another application, and then add the resulting data files to Echo view for display and analysis. Echo view supports these character encoding systems for text data files: UTF8, UTF-16 and ASCII.Text data files do not have to originate from Echo view exports and may be created manually or from data exported from other applications. Regardless of the creation method, a text data file must be a comma-separated values (.csv) file.

7. ASCIIAmerican Standard Code for Information InterchangeASCII is a character encoding standard for electronic communication. ASCII codes represent text in computers, telecommunications equipment, and other devices. Most modern character-encoding schemes are based on ASCII, although they support many additional characters.

8. 2.1.4 Formatted textFormatted text is any text that contains special formatting such as font size, font color, bold, italic, etc.When copying text, formatted text is any text that keeps its settings from where it is copied. For example, if you copied text that was bold and then pasted it into a program supporting bold text, the text would remain bold. However, if you pasted the text into a program that did not support bold text, the formatting would be removed.

9. Unformatted textUnformatted text is any text that, when copied from the source, may lose its formatting when pasted into another program. It may be pasted as plain text because the source program stripped it of its formatting, or because the target program does not support the original formatting.

10. 2.1.5. Rich Text FormatThe Rich Text Format (often abbreviated RTF) is a proprietary document file format with published specification developed by Microsoft Corporation from 1987 until 2008 for cross-platform document interchange with Microsoft products

11. 2.1.6. Proprietary FormatA proprietary format is a file format of a company, organization, or individual that contains data.(i.e) stored according to a particular encoding-scheme, designed by the company or organization to be secret.Such that the decoding and interpretation of this stored data is easily accomplished only with particular software or hardware that the company itself has developed..

12. 2.1.6. Proprietary Format (cont.)The specification of the data encoding format is not released, or underlies non-disclosure agreements. A proprietary format can also be a file format whose encoding is in fact published, but is restricted through licences such that only the company itself or licences may use it. In contrast, an open format is a file format that is published and free to be used by everybody

13. 2.1.7.Using text in multimedia application

14. 2.1.8. Labels and Captions

15. 2.1.8. Labels and Captions (cont..)This include the table of contents, index, glossary, headings, bold words, sidebars, pictures and captions, and labeled diagramsYou can add captions to figures, equations, or other objects. A caption is a numbered label, such as "Figure 1", that you can add to a figure, a table, an equation, or another object. ... You can also use those captions to create a table of the captioned items for example, a table of figures or a table of equations.

16. 2.1.9.Informational Text

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18. 2.1.10 . Navigation & user supportMenuNavigational links ( Hyper text)

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22. Hypertext

23. 2.1.11. HypertextHypertext is text displayed on a computer display or other electronic devices with references (hyperlinks) to other text that the reader can immediately access.Hypertext documents are interconnected by hyperlinks, which are typically activated by a mouse click, keypress set or by touching the screen. Apart from text, the term "hypertext" is also sometimes used to describe tables, images, and other presentational content formats with integrated hyperlinks.

24. 2.1.12. HypermediaHypermedia is displayed on a image, audio, video on computer display or other electronic devices with references (hyperlinks) to other web pages / documents that the reader can immediately access.Hypermedia are interconnected by hyperlinks, which are typically activated by a mouse click or by touching the screen.

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26. Unit- 2 GRAPHICS

27. 2.2. 1 Graphics in multimediaMultimedia is content that uses a combination of different content forms such as text, audio, images, animations, video and interactive content. This lesson introduces computer graphics, including raster and vector graphics, and web multimedia audio and video content

28. Types of computer graphicsRaster Graphics & Vector GraphicsRaster Graphics : Each pixel is separately defined (as in a digital photograph) Vector graphics: where mathematical formulas are used to draw lines and shapes, which are then interpreted at the viewer's end to produce the graphic

29. 2.1.2 Pictures and images Raster Graphics : that raster graphics are composed of pixels. A raster graphic, such as a gif or jpeg, is an array of pixels of various colors, which together form an imageA bitmap image uses a grid of individual pixels where each pixel can be a different color. Bitmaps are composed of pixels

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31. 2.1.2 Raster or bitmap images A raster graphics are composed of pixels.A raster graphic, such as a gif or jpeg, is an array of pixels of various colors, which together form an imageA bitmap image uses a grid of individual pixels where each pixel can be a different color or shade. Bitmaps are composed of pixelsExamples of bitmap graphic formats include GIF, JPEG, PNG, TIFF,BMP, and PCX (PIC eXchange) as well as bitmap (i.e., screen) fonts

32. 2.2.4. Vector Images Vector graphics is the creation of digital images through a sequence of commands or mathematical statements that place lines and shapes in a given two-dimensional or three-dimensional space. Most images created with tools such as Adobe Illustrator and CorelDraw are in the form of vector image files.

33. vector graphics examplesExamples of vector graphic formats are PICT, EPS, and WMF as well as PostScript and TrueType fonts. These are created with GIS (Geographical Information store ) and CAD applications as well as drawing programs like FreeHand

34. 2.2.6. Images & color

35. 2.2.7. Computer Display ResolutionIn computers, resolution is the number of pixels (individual points of color) contained on a display monitor, expressed in terms of the number of pixels on the horizontal axis and the number on the vertical axis. The sharpness of the image on a display depends on the resolution and the size of the monitor.

36. Computer Display Resolution(con.)Screen resolution refers to the clarity of the text and images displayed on your screen. At higher resolutions, such as 1600 x 1200 pixels, items appear sharper. CRT monitors generally display a resolution of 800 × 600 or 1024 × 768 pixels and can work well at different resolutions

37. 2.2.8. Computer –generated color (12 Marks) Color palettes Color lookup tablesColor dithering Color flashing

38. 1.Color palettesA color palette, in the digital world, refers to the full range of colors that can be displayed on a device screen or other interface. a collection of colors and tools for use in paint and illustration programs. The color palette reveals a lot about the electronic design of the device or technology, and its visual capabilities for human users.A color palette is also known simply as a palette

39. 2.Color lookup tables

40. 2.2.9. Color ditheringDithering is used in computer graphics to create the illusion of "color depth" in images with a limited color palette - a technique also known as color quantization.In a dithered image, colors that are not available in the palette are approximated by a diffusion of colored pixels from within the available palette.

41. 2.2.10. Color flashing

42. 2.2.11. Graphics FileA graphics file is a computer file that contains an image or picture in digital format. Graphics files are often large, so they're often stored in compressed formats such as GIF or jpeg.

43. Different Types of Graphic File Formats & Extensions1.Vector. Vector graphics are well suited for logo designs and icons as they are made of lines and points, rather than pixel values. 2. Bitmap. Bitmap graphics are well suited for photographs. 3.Compressed formats: JPEG4. Proprietary formats : icoAi- Adobe Illustrator, EPS-> Encapsulated Post ScriptPSD->Photo Shop Document PNG Portable Network Graphics

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45. 2.2.12. Vector formatsVector graphics are computer graphics images that are defined in terms of 2D points, which are connected by lines and curves to form polygons and other shapes.Each of these points has a definite position on the x-and y-axis of the work plane and determines the direction of the pathfurther, each path may have various properties including values for stroke color, shape, curve, thickness, and fill.

46.  Vector graphics are commonly found today in the SVG, EPS, PDF or AI graphic file formats and are intrinsically different from the more common raster graphics file formats such as JPEG, PNG, APNG, GIF, and MPEG4.SVG- scalable vector graphics. APNG-> animated portable network graphicsMPEG-> Moving Picture Experts Group 

47. 2.2.13. Compressed format compressed file is any file that contains one or more files or directory that is smaller than their original file size. These files make downloading faster easier and allow more data to be stored on a removable media. Common compressed file extensions are .ZIP, .RAR, .ARJ, .TAR.GZ, and .TGZ.

48. 2.2.14. Proprietary formats  proprietary format is a file format of a company, organization, or individual that contains data that is ordered and stored according to a particular encoding-scheme, designed by the company or organization to be secret.such that the decoding and interpretation of this stored data is easily accomplished only with particular software or hardware that the company itself has developed.

49. Proprietary formats (cont..)The specification of the data encoding format is not released, or underlies non-disclosure agreements. A proprietary format can also be a file format whose encoding is in fact published, but is restricted through licenses such that only the company itself or licenses may use it. In contrast, an open format is a file format that is published and free to be used by everybody

50. Proprietary formats (cont..)

51. Proprietary formats (cont..)

52. 2.2.15. The 6 best painting and drawing apps for Windows1) Paint brush 3D. The 'official' replacement for Paint, Paint 3D will come as standard on all Windows 10 PCs bought after the Fall Creator's Update lands. ...2) Zen: Coloring Book for Adults. ...3) GIMP. (GNU (OS) Image Manipulation Program) 4) Paint.net. 5) Sketchable. 6) Autodesk Sketchbook.

53. 2.2.16. ScannersA scanner is a device that captures images from photographic prints, posters, magazine pages, and similar sources for computer editing and display. Very high resolution scanners are used for scanning for high-resolution printing, but lower resolution scanners are adequate for capturing images for computer display.The four common scanner types are: Flatbed, Sheet-fed, Handheld, and Drum scanners. Flatbed scanners are some of the most commonly used scanners as it has both home and office functions.

54. Flatbed Handheld Sheet-fed  Drum scanners. 

55. 2.2.17 Video & image digitizersa video digitizer is software that takes an analog video still frame and converts it to a digital still image. A video digitizer also requires the aid of computer hardware.An image digitizer is an electronic device that takes video information from any standard source (tv, video recorder, computer, camera) and converts the information to digital bits, stores the bits in the computer memory, and displays the resulting picture on the display screen.

56. 2.219. Digital cameraA digital camera or digicam is a camera that captures photographs in digital memory. Most cameras produced today are digital, and while there are still dedicated digital cameras, many more cameras are now being incorporated into mobile devices, portable touchscreen computers, which can, among many other purposes, use their cameras to initiate live video-telephony and directly edit and upload imagery to others.However, high-end, high-definition dedicated cameras are still commonly used by professionals.

57. Types of digital cameraSony A7 III. ...Nikon D850. ...Olympus OM-D E-M10 Mark III. ...Canon EOS Rebel SL3 / EOS 250D. ...Panasonic Lumix ZS200 / TZ200. ...Panasonic Lumix G95 / G90. .

58. 2.2.19. Using graphics in Multimedia applicationsComputer graphics is the discipline of generating images with the aid of computers. Today, computer graphics is a core technology in digital photography, film, video games, cell phone and computer displays, and many specialized applications. It is also used for processing image data received from the physical world.

59. 2.2.20 Backgrounds and transitionsDoors - Split the current scene and open it as if it were a door to reveal next scene. Fade - Fade (dissolve) in our out. Ferris Wheel - Rotate out current scene followed by next scene in a circular motion like a Ferris wheel. Flash - Camera flash effect to display next scene.

60. 2.2.22. Navigation The navigation model allows the semantic structure of a document, document set, or presentation to be represented separately from the content, and utilized by a navigation-aware software, such as media players or browsers.

61. Thank you