PPT-Enzyme Technology Enzymes

biological catalysts proteinaceous specific catalytic site active centre some enzymes contain cofactor nonprotein organic compound catalytically active. Definition of an enzyme. Enzyme. is . protein . . catalyst. (i.e. . increase the rate of reactions. ). . NOT. changed during the reaction. Chapter 2: Section 2.5. 1. Objectives. SWBAT explain the effect of a catalyst on activation energy. . SWBAT describe how enzymes regulate chemical reactions. . and maintain homeostasis.. 2. Starter: How can this be possible. Essential idea: Enzymes control the metabolism of the cell.. Above is just a small part of the IUBMB-. Sigma-Nicholson Metabolic Pathways Chart . aims to show all the metabolic pathways found in eukaryote cells. The chart in it's entirety shows how complex the chemicals reactions needed to support life in a single cell unit. This was mentioned earlier in 2.1, but in addition to the complexity now add to that . Lecturer Dr. . Kamal. E. M. . Elkahlout. Assistant Prof. of . Biotechnology. 1. CHAPTER 4. Recent Advances. 2. Enzymatic reactions in biphasic liquid systems. E. nzyme catalyzed . reactions could be performed in solvents other than . Enzymes speed up chemical reactions.. Everything that happens in a cell. Growth. Reproduction. Interaction with the environment. Response to stimuli. Is the result of a chemical reaction.. A chemical reaction is a change in the arrangement. Are specific for . what they . catalyze . and do not permanently change during reactions. End in the word -. ase. Function of Enzymes. Enzymes work by lowering the activation energy (the amount of energy needed to start a reaction). . E S <=> ES <=> ES* <=> EP <=> E P. Michaelis-Menten Kinetics. E S <=> ES <=> ES* <=> EP <=> E P. Rate of Formation. Substrate. Product. Enzyme. Enzyme-. IMPORTANCE. OF ENZYMES. Enzymes are biological catalysts that:. . I. ncrease. . reaction rates . by lowering the amount of energy needed for the reaction to occur. 100-1000x . faster. !!!. Activation Energy. 1. What are enzymes?. Each enzyme has only one specific reaction it can perform. . 2. How many different reactions can a single enzyme perform?. Yes, the same enzyme molecule can be used over and over. protein. !. Enzymes are . Biological . catalysts . that . increase. . the rate of metabolic reactions.. Since enzymes speed up chemical reaction rates, what are they called?. Catalyst- . A substance . Restriction enzymes. Polymerase enzyme. Strand-displacing polymerases. Helicase enzymes. Discovery and Obtainability:. Most enzymes are proteins discovered in cells.. But . DNAzymes. were . descovered. caesin. , . Proteolytic. enzymes (. papain. , . bromelain. , . serratiopeptidase. , . urokinase. , streptokinase, pepsin). UNIT V . PHARMACOGNOSY. DR NISHA SHARMA. ENZYMES . Enzymes are the proteins which act as biological catalysts.. Presented . by. Ms. . P. . . H. . Giri. Department of Microbiology. Deogiri . College, Aurangabad. B.Sc. T. Y. . Semester VI. Paper No. XIX. Recombinant DNA Technology. Ms. . Priyanka. H. . Giri. DNA manipulating enzymes:. that . catalyze. (. i.e.. , . increase or decrease the rates. of) . chemical reactions. .. . In enzymatic reactions, the . molecules. at the beginning of the process are called . substrates. , and they are converted into different molecules, called the .