Fregis Effayong Rowan University Mechatronic How do they look like Pitot tube Invented by a French Engineer Henry Pitot in 1732 A pitot is a pressure measurement instrument used to measure fluid flow velocity ID: 525139
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Slide1
Airplane Speed Sensor
Fregis
Effayong
Rowan University
Mechatronic
Slide2
How do they look like?Slide3
Pitot tube
Invented by a French Engineer (Henry
Pitot
) in 1732
A
pitot
is a pressure measurement instrument used to measure fluid flow velocity.
Pitot
was modified to it modern way form by another French scientist called Henry Darcy later in the mid 19th century.
The air speed indicator measures the difference between a static sensor not in the air stream and a sensor (
pitot
tube) in the air stream.
When the airplane is standing still, the pressure in each tube is equal and the air speed indicator shows zero.
The rush of air in flight causes a pressure differential between the static tube and the
pitot
tube.
The pressure differential makes the pointer on the air speed indicator move. An increase in forward speed raises the pressure at the end of the
pitot
tube.
In airplanes, electronics also compensate for altitude and air temperature to make the air speed measurement accurate.Slide4
How aircraft speed sensors work?Slide5
Stagnation pressure = static pressure + dynamic pressure
NOTE:
That equation applies ONLY to fluids that can be treated as incompressible. Liquids are treated as incompressible under almost all conditions. Gases under certain conditions can be approximated as incompressible. Slide6
The laser light velocity sensors have been successfully tested in a high-speed wind tunnel
Some Engineers from University
of New South Wales (UNSW
)
have developed a low-cost laser that can accurately and speedily measure the velocity of commercial aircraft.
Instead of having physical components located in the airflow, the new laser light system can be located in a temperature-controlled environment inside the plane, which will hopefully reduce the number of plane crashes.
The currently used velocity sensors, known as
Pitot
tubes
, are susceptible to icing over in bad weather and have been suggested as possible failure points for several fatal aircraft accidents.
The most notable of these was Air France Flight 447, which crashed into the Atlantic Ocean in 2009; 216 passengers and 12 crew members died.Slide7
Conclusion
Since the accident, Air France has replaced the
pitots
on its Airbus fleet with a newer model.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JRnRKJRSI4I