Fred Kniffen 1965 What are Kniffens goals Settlement geography Focus on houses and barns Housing a basic fact of human geography Sense of urgency unchronicled wooden buildings falling down ID: 564742
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Slide1
Folk Housing: Key to Diffusion
Fred Kniffen
1965Slide2
What are Kniffen’s goals
Settlement geography
Focus on houses and barns
Housing a basic fact of human geography
Sense of urgency, unchronicled, wooden buildings falling downSlide3
Methods
Create a typology
Quantified which types are numerically dominant
Qualified as to areal and temporal positions
Seek out origins, routes of diffusion, adaptations, other forces affecting change or stabilitySlide4
Mechanism of stability
Concept of Initial
Occupance
.
first post pioneer permanent settlement imprint established in the several sections of the wooded eastern United States by migrants from seaboard source areas, an epoch ending about 1850.Slide5
First impressions
I house = one room deep, two stories tall, side gable
fn
9 "The
I-house
was first so named in 1936 in recognition of the Indiana, Illinois, or Iowa origin of many of its builders in prairie Louisiana.
Pennsylvania German barns
“relation
of experiences
.”
Is this verifiable? more a connoisseurship.
Adhoc
methodology of experience. Slide6
I-House, St Mary’s of the Rock, Franklin County, Indiana ca 1850Slide7Slide8
Disciplinary concerns
Occupance
pattern
is “distinctly
geographical.”
Area
of inquiry to hold, “even against the onslaught of anthropologists.”
No
other discipline is interested in folk housing.
Prolonged
study to say what the types are.Slide9
Later concerns
about typology
Ad hoc classification scheme in which significant details, determined on the basis of variable convenient criteria, are isolated and metonymically employed to represent the whole object. Log buildings, pot
sherds
– Henry
Glassie
Researcher
category, not about discovering community expressed values.Slide10
Features of building typology
Typology subdivided in architecture into form, technics and
task (use)
.
Form is the arrangement of elements, or the structure of components.
Construction must be the elements and their rules of engagement.
Use or task is what meaning or semantic relationship these objects have.Slide11
Adhoc
Typology
Entirely visual
Focus
on specific formal characteristics
Massing, orientation, piercing
Also
visible construction features
Materials
Exposed construction features: for example, log corner notchingSlide12
Primary and Secondary characteristics in typology
A necessary element (primary or essential) is one that must be present to identify the object.
A
secondary (expendable) class of components can be removed without affecting the artifacts
membership in a specific class (type).Slide13Slide14Slide15Slide16Slide17
Verification by comparison with the analysis of rural sociologistsSlide18
Validating by comparison with regional dialects