Chapter 3 Objectives Explain the importance of safety when working with livestock Discuss four types of hazards related to livestock production List the safety practices to be followed when working with livestock and poultry ID: 529332
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Slide1
Safety in Livestock Production
Chapter 3Slide2
Objectives
Explain the importance of safety when working with livestock
Discuss four types of hazards related to livestock production
List the safety practices to be followed when working with livestock and poultrySlide3
Objectives (cont.)
Develop a livestock safety checklist
Distinguish between agroterrorism and biosecurity
Discuss the dangers of bioterrorism and
agroterrorism
Discuss the procedures to be followed in providing
agrosecuritySlide4
Terminology
Zoonoses
: diseases and parasites transmitted between humans and animals
Biosecurity: protection from biological harm to living things
Bioterrorism: deliberate use of biological or chemical weaponsSlide5
Terminology (cont.)
Agroterrorism
: deliberate use of biological or chemical weapons to harm agricultural enterprises
Agrosecurity
: use of all possible means to guard against harm to the food production systemSlide6
Introduction
Agriculture is one of the most dangerous occupations in the United States
Most fatal injuries caused by machinery
Livestock are second highest cause of injury
Employers are required to provide a safe and healthy working environmentSlide7
Types and Kinds of Injuries
Mostly, older people are hurt by cattle
Ages 25–64 are most often hurt by hogs
Most accidents for ages 5
–
25 are from horses
Injuries often caused by being bitten, knocked down, or stepped on by animals Slide8
Human and Environmental Factors Relating to Safety
Being tired
Not paying attention
Using poor judgment
Age (younger than 15, older than 65)
Lack of knowledge or proper instruction
Not feeling well
Failure to use protective equipmentSlide9
Human and Environmental
Factors Relating to Safety (cont.)
Dangerous environments
Slippery floors
Manure pits, corrals
Dusty feed areas
Silos
Automatic feeding equipment
Confinement livestock and poultry buildingsSlide10
Human and Environmental
Factors Relating to Safety (cont.)
Improper ventilation, allowing manure pit gases to recycle in buildings, causing illness or death
Standby electrical source is recommended to ensure proper system operationSlide11
Chemical Safety
Regulations set by EPA’s Worker Protection Standard, 1995
Applies to farm employees who work with farm chemicals, related equipment
Sets standards for personal protective equipment and pesticide application
Requires proper labeling of pesticidesSlide12
Chemical Safety (cont.)
OSHA requires Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) for all workplace chemicals
Care of clothing worn while using farm chemicals
Care, disposal depends on toxicity level
Proper washing of contaminated clothing is crucial for worker safety Slide13
Chemical Safety (cont.)
Storing chemicals
Should be stored in safe place, away from children, and accidental access
Proper storage containers should be used
Proper labeling
Should be locked in cabinet, away from other materials
Avoid freezingSlide14
First Aid Kits
Kits with proper supplies should be kept
In the home
In livestock buildings
On all major pieces of equipment
In all vehicles
Ensure kits include all recommended itemsSlide15
Heat and Humidity Factors
Relating to Safety
Problems include heat cramps, heat exhaustion, and heatstroke
Heat cramp symptoms
Excessive sweating, fatigue
Thirst
Muscle crampsSlide16
Heat and Humidity Factors
Relating to Safety (cont.)
Heat exhaustion symptoms
Headache
D
izziness
Weakness
Nausea, vomiting
Cool, moist skinSlide17
Heat and Humidity Factors
Relating to Safety (cont.)
Heatstroke symptoms
Fever (above 104°F)
Confusion, irrational behaviors
Flushed skin
Rapid, shallow breathing
Rapid, weak pulse
Unconsciousness, seizuresSlide18
Heat and Humidity Factors
Relating to Safety (cont.)
Treatment of heat-related issues
Heatstroke, seek emergency medical help
Heat cramps, heat exhaustion
Move to shady, or air-conditioned place
Cool off with damp cloths, or a fan
Take a cool shower or bath
Rehydrate with water or sports drinksSlide19
Hazards in Handling Livestock
Important to have solid facilities
Workers should avoid entering small or enclosed areas with animals
Floors should be uncluttered, not slippery
Adequate lighting
Handle animals calmly and quietly, understand their behaviorSlide20
Hazards in Handling Livestock (cont.)
Use of curved chutes with solid sides and uniform color makes it easier to move cattle
Acclimate cattle to being around people when they are on pasture
Handle cattle carefully in working pens to avoid unpleasant experiences
Provide proper care when moving animalsSlide21
Hazards in Handling Livestock (cont.)
“Flight zone”
concept
Don’t work with piglets in the same pen as the sow
Keep conditions uniform
Stay where the animal can see youSlide22
Horse Safety
Handling
Stay out of kicking range
Remain calm, confident
Leading
Walk beside horse, rather than in front, behind
Tying
Tie with about 2 feet of ropeSlide23
Horse Safety (cont.)
Bridling
Don’t bridle a nervous horse in closed area
Stand close to left side, just behind head
Saddling
Stand well back in the clear, reach forward
Mounting
Don’t mount in barn, or near obstaclesSlide24
Horse Safety (cont.)
Riding
If frightened, steady horse and provide time to calm down
Proceed slowly up/down hills, on rough ground
Equipment and clothing
Keep equipment in best possible condition
Hauling horses
Two people should work in tandemSlide25
Hazards of Animal Diseases
Animal-to-man diseases called zoonoses
Rabies is well-known
Caused by virus
Spread through bites, scratches
“Bird flu,” H1N1, and West Nile virus
Cleanliness, vaccination, quarantine of sick animals are key to preventionSlide26
Personal Protective Equipment
Several types of personal protective equipment should be used around livestock
Bump caps, hard hats
Respirators in dusty, moldy areas, in silos, manure storage areas, and around pesticides
Goggles for eye protection
Protective glovesSlide27
Personal Protective
Equipment (cont.)
Livestock workers can be exposed to three types of atmospheric contamination
Dust, particulate matter
Pesticides
Toxic gasesSlide28
Personal Protective
Equipment (cont.)
Four types of dangerous gases
Ammonia
Hydrogen sulfide
Methane
Carbon dioxideSlide29
Personal Protective
Equipment (cont.)
Respiratory problems can stem from working in confinement buildings
Two kinds of respiratory protection equipment
Air-purifying respirators
Atmosphere-supplying respirators Slide30
Facilities
Silo hazards
Falling, injury from equipment
Deadly gases, such as CO
2
Do not enter silo for three weeks after it has been filled
Ventilate silo room for two weeks after it has been filledSlide31
Facilities (cont.)
Grain handling and storage hazards
Becoming quickly trapped in grain when maintaining equipment
Suffocation from being buried under grain
Toxic organic dust syndrome
Farmer’s lung disease
Follow safety precautions during unloadingSlide32
Facilities (cont.)
Livestock confinement building hazards
Toxic
gases
(carbon monoxide, methane)
Proper ventilation required to prevent deadly gas concentrations
Danger is highest when manure is agitated
Power failures can pose hazards
Dust hazardsSlide33
Fire Safety
Usually caused by carelessness
Most farm fires are caused by faulty electrical equipment, heaters, careless smoking
Call the fire department immediately if a fire is spottedSlide34
Fire Safety (cont.)
Classification of fires
Class A
Wood
Paper
Textiles
Grass
Trash
Can be extinguished with water Slide35
Fire Safety (cont.)
Classification of
fires (cont.)
Class B
Grease
Gasoline, oils, kerosene
Paints
Solvents
Must be smotheredSlide36
Fire Safety (cont.)
Classification of
fires (cont.)
Class C
Electrical equipment
Extinguished with high-pressure water fog
Class D
Involves combustible metals
Air must be removedSlide37
Fire Safety (cont.)
Fire extinguishers
Marked with combination of letters
and colors for class of fire on which they can be used
Class A – A in a green triangle
Class B – B in a red square
Class C – C in a blue circle
Class D – D in a yellow five-pointed starSlide38
Biosecurity and Agroterrorism
Recent terrorist activity has raised questions about security of our food supply
Diseases in confinement livestock operations are a big concern
Most livestock enterprises limit visitors, take other precautions to prevent introduction of diseaseSlide39
Biosecurity and
Agroterrorism (cont.)
Pests, diseases, and chemicals spread by
Animals
People
Wind
Vehicles
Equipment
Deliberately by terrorist actionSlide40
Biosecurity and
Agroterrorism (cont.)
It is most important to take biosecurity measures at individual herd levels
Programs to prevent disease must be implemented, with practices such as limiting visitors, farm cleanliness, equipment disinfection, care of sick animals, farm security, etc.