Carbohydrates and lipids All cells use chemical energy carried by Adenosine triphosphate How is energy released by ATP A phosphate group is removed releasing chemical energy in the form of heat ID: 777731
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Slide1
Slide2What are the most important energy sources in foods you eat?
Carbohydrates and lipids
Slide3All cells use chemical energy carried by __________________.
Adenosine
triphosphate
Slide4How is energy released by ATP?
A phosphate group is removed releasing chemical energy in the form of heat
Slide5Why is the bond from the third phosphate group removed from ATP?
The last phosphate group is unstable and easily broken
Slide6ATP becomes _______
ADP, adenosine
diphosphate
Slide7Why is it not a simple process to add a phosphate group to ADP?
It requires a large group of proteins
Slide8What three types of molecules can produce ATP when they are broken down?
Carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins
Slide9What type of molecule is most commonly broken down to produce ATP?
carbohydrates
Slide10When glucose is broken down, how many molecules may be produced?
36
Slide11What type of molecule provides the most energy through ATP?
lipids
Slide1280% of the energy in your body is stored in ______.
fats
Slide13Triglycerides break down to _____ molecules.
146
Slide14Proteins store about the same amount of energy as carbohydrates but are _____ ________ to be broken down.
Less likely
Slide15Amino acids are needed to make ______ more than they are needed to make energy.
proteins
Slide16Plants make their own food through a process called _____________.
photosynthesis
Slide17Hydrothermal vents release compounds called ________ which serve as an energy source for nearby organisms.
sulfides
Slide18Organisms that live near Challenger deep use a process called __________ to obtain energy. This process is different from photosynthesis in that it uses chemical energy instead of light to drive the reactions.
chemosynthesis
Slide19Photosynthetic organisms are referred to as ____________.
producers
Slide20This is the process that captures energy from sunlight to make sugars that store chemical energy.
Photosynthesis
Slide21This is a molecule found in chloroplasts that absorb some of the energy in visible light.
Chlorophyll
Slide22What are the two types of chlorophyll that plants typically have and what portion of the electromagnetic spectrum do they absorb?
Chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b red and blue
Slide23What are the two primary parts of chloroplasts that are needed for photosynthesis?
Grana
and
stroma
Slide24These are stacks of coin shaped, membrane enclosed compartments called
thylakoids
.
grana
Slide25The membranes of the ________ contain chlorophyll, other light absorbing molecules, and proteins.
thylakoids
Slide26This is the fluid that surrounds the
grana
inside a chloroplast.
stroma
Slide271. chlorophyll absorbs energy from the sun
2. The energy is transferred along the
thylakoid
3. Water is broken down.
4. Oxygen is released
5. Energy carried along the
thylakoid
membrane is transferred to molecules that carry energy, such as ATP.
Light Dependent Reactions
Slide281. CO
2
is added to build larger molecules.2. A molecule of simple sugar is formed.
Light Independent Reactions
Slide296CO
2
+ 6H2
O
C
6
H
12
O
6
+ 6O
2
The Equation for Photosynthesis