All of Civics in One Day - PowerPoint Presentation

All of Civics in One DayWhat you REALLY NEED TO KNOW IN THIS CLASS

Unit 1: Citizenship14th Amendment - Anyone who is Born or Naturalized is a US Citizen Responsibilities (Should Do) and Obligations (Have to Do) R: Vote, Volunteer, Run for Office / O: Taxes, Jury Duty, Obey Laws Naturalization Process - Process to become a US Citizen 18 years old, Live in US for 5 yrs , Good Person, Read/Write/Speak English, Know History and Civics -> Take Oath -> BAM You’re a citizen Immigrant – Someone who lives in the US, but not a Citizen yet Selective Service – Men between 18 to 25 can be drafted for war

Unit 2: Political PartiesParty Platform- Goals of the party Candidate- Person running for Office Third Party- Not a Dem or Rep, A Minor Party Democrats- Big Gov’t involvement, Wealthy help Poor, Equal Rights Republicans- Small Gov’t involvement, Help yourself, Traditional values Communist- Free Health Care, Profits go to Gov’t, More Taxes on Rich Socialist- Banks should be owned by all, Stop aid to other countries Libertarian- Gov’t should not tell you what to do, Everyone equal

Unit 3: Bias, Propaganda, Interest GroupsBias- Favoring one view over others Propaganda- Media trying to persuade you Interest Groups- Use Lobbyists to persuade lawmakers to make certain laws (PAC, Super PAC) Political Action Committee(PACs)- spend money to help Candidates get elected. If they win the Interest group expects them to pass laws in favor of that Interest Group Ex: Many interest groups use different propaganda techniques to get you to vote for their candidate (Political TV Ads)

Unit 4: Forms and Systems of Gov’tUnitary System- Gov’t has all the power Confederal System- States have all the power Federal System (THE USA)- Gov’t and States SHARE power Parliamentary System- Citizens vote for Reps, Reps vote for the Prime Minister. (Citizens DO NOT ELECT the LEADER) Direct Democracy- Citizens can decide/vote/debate on laws for all Representative Democracy (THE USA)- Citizens vote for Reps to decide/write/debate on laws for them Monarchy- King/Queen Oligarchy- Small group in power Socialism- Every citizen is equal and own a part of the country Communism- Gov’t owns country and distributes goods equally ( kinda )

Unit 5 and 6: Enlightenment IdeasUS Founding Fathers get their ideas from Enlightenment Thinkers The Enlightenment was a time in Europe where people focused on Education and Science as a way to learn about the world Baron Montesquieu French Philosopher Created the idea of Separation of Powers John Locke English Philosopher Created the idea of Natural Law (all people are born with rights) Life, Liberty, and Property Social Contract Theory - People give Gov’t Power, Gov’t then protects the People

Unit 5 and 6: Influential DocumentsUS Founding Fathers used these Docs to create the USAMagna Carta- Made the King of England follow all laws Gives us Limited Government English Bill of Rights- Gave individual rights to citizens Gives us Rule of Law and Freedom of Speech Mayflower Compact- Outlined the rules/gov’t for the pilgrims when they would land Gives us Rights for People Common Sense- written by Thomas Paine and convinced people to break free and declare independence from Great Britain Gives us the ability to declare our independence

Unit 5 and 6: English Policies toward IndependenceFrench and Indian War – King George made the colonists pay the war’s debts and did not allow them into the new territory “ No Taxation w/o Representation” Don’t make laws for us, if we don’t have a say in making the laws Stamp Act- Taxes on printed paper (legal documents, licenses, newspapers) Tea Act- Made colonists only buy tea from the English, America responded with the Boston Tea Party Intolerable Acts- Housing British soldiers, King closed Boston harbor, town meetings were illegal 1 st and 2 nd Continental Congress- Asked King to respect us, organized a boycott, fighting then started and we approved the Declaration of Independence

Unit 5 and 6: The Declaration of IndependenceJuly 4 th 1776 written by Thomas Jefferson A list of complaints to the King and explained why we were “breaking up” (breakup letter) No trials by Jury Taxes without approval by the people Judges were from England not America King refused to accept colonists laws Important Phrases “Unalienable Rights”- Born with certain rights that cannot be taken away “Gov’t is instituted among men”- Gov’t job is to protect the people “Consent from the Governed”- Gov’t power comes from the people

Unit 7: Articles of ConfederationAmericas first attempt at making a new government We had just gotten out of a bad “relationship” with England and did not want a strong/powerful government again Under the Articles, states had all the power and the federal gov’t had no real power Could not collect taxes Couldn’t enforce the laws No federal court system No central leader All 13 states had to agree to make any amendments to the Articles Shays Rebellion- Farmers rebelled and took over some courts Proved to the states that the government wasn’t working Made a Constitutional Convention to fix the Articles of Confederation

Unit 7: Federalists and Anti-FederalistsDebate began on how the new Gov’t should ruleFederalists- Wanted a Strong Gov’t, Wanted to approve the Constitution the way it was Anti-Federalists- Wanted a Weak Gov’t, States should have MORE power that the Federal Gov’t, Constitution needed a list of rights to protect the citizens Federalist Papers- Published articles trying to convince people to ratify the Constitution Compromise: Both sides finally agreed to sign the Constitution IF the Bill of Rights was added at the end

Unit 7: Preamble and ConstitutionPreamble- Intro to the Constitution, stated the Goals and Purpose of Gov’t “We the People” “establish justice” “provide for the common defense” Constitution fixed all of the problems under the Articles of Confederation Could Collect Taxes Created the Executive Branch to enforce the laws Created the Judicial Branch (Supreme Court) Created the job of President Only need ¾ of States to amend the Constitution Broken into 7 Articles Article 1 - Makes Legislative Branch Article 2 - Makes Executive Branch Article 3 - Makes Judicial Branch Amendments are changes to the Constitution, they are added at the end Supreme Law of the Land (Supremacy Clause)

Unit 8: Legislative Branch- Make LawsCongress = Bicameral = 2 Houses (House of Reps and Senate) House of Reps – 435 members, serve for 2 years, Based on Population 25 years Old, 7 Years a Citizen Senate- 100 members, serve for 6 years, Based on equality (2 per State) 30 Years Old, 9 Years a Citizen Powers of Congress Collect Taxes, Borrow Money, Coin Money, Declare War Ratifies Treaties, Confirms President Appointments, Runs Impeachment Process Bill into Law Idea, Sent to Committee, Debated On, Vote in 1 st House ( HoR /Sen), goes to 2 nd House ( HoR /Sen), When passed by both goes to Pres, Pres can Sign or Veto

Unit 9: Executive Branch- Enforce LawsPresident’s Main RolesCommander-in-Chief (Army), Foreign Policy Leader(Other Countries), Party Leader(Dem or Rep) President must be 35, Resident for 14 Years, be a Natural Born Citizen Presidential Cabinet- Advisors chosen by Pres, approved by Senate Giving Pres Advice on issues (Education, Defense, Treasury, Etc ) Presidential Powers Veto Bills, Pardon Criminals, Executive Orders, Make Treaties, Appoint Judges/Ambassadors/Cabinet

Unit 10: Judicial Branch- Interpret LawsLed by Supreme Court- 9 Justices, serve for life, led by a Chief JusticeJudicial Review- Supreme Court reviews laws to see if they are Constitutional/Unconstitutional Supreme Court justices chosen by President, approved by Congress Trial Courts/District Courts(Beginning court)- looks at evidence to make a verdict Appellate Courts- Can review trial court verdicts for errors/mistakes (appeals) Must go through both levels before being hear by Supreme Court Supreme Court picks which cases it hears, can choose not listen to all

Unit 11: Checks/Balances and Separation of PowersChecks and Balances – Each branch can limit the others so no one becomes too powerful Ex: President(E) can Veto Congress(L), Senate(L) must approve all President appointments(E), Congress(L) can impeach President/Judges(E,J), President(E) appoints Supreme Court Justices(J) Separation of Powers- Limiting government power by dividing the power into 3 separate branches Theory by French Philosopher Montesquieu

Unit 12: Bill of Rights and AmendmentsAmendments allow the Constitution to change with the times Hard enough to only allow the important changes 2/3 of Sen and HoR vote to propose and amendment, Then ¾ of states vote to ratify the amendment Bill of Rights are the first 10 amendments 1:Freedoms 2:Gun 3:Cant house Soldiers 4:No illegal searches 5:Due Process, pleading 6:Attorney 7: Civil Trials 8:Unusal Punishment 9: More than just these Rights 10: Reserved Powers: States get the rest Key Amendments 13: Slavery 14:Equal Rights 15:Votes not by Race 19: Women Vote 24:Poll Taxes 26: Voting from 21 to 18

Unit 13: Landmark Supreme Court CasesMarbury v Madison- Creates Judicial review for Sup. Court Bush v Gore- States counting ballots after a close Pres. Election Plessy v Ferguson- Allowed segregation of races, Separate but Equal Brown v Board of Ed. – Got rid of Plessy case, segregation was not OK Tinker v Des Moines- Free speech is allowed for kids, if school is OK Hazelwood v Kuhlmier - School paper could edit free speech, reps. School Gideon v Wainright - All are allowed the right to an attorney (counsel) Miranda v Arizona- Must be read rights, cannot self-incriminate US v Nixon- No one is above the Law, not even the President

Unit 14: American Legal System Criminal Law- breaking the law, protect citizens Civil Law- disagreements between citizens Juvenile Law- criminal laws dealing with those under 18 Military Law- deals with the military and armed forces Constitutional Law- deals with peoples rights, look at Constitution Case Law- looking back at an old case to decide current case (precedent) Habeas Corpus- right to see a judge if you have proof you don’t belong in jail Ex Post Facto- cant be charged with a crime, if it wasn’t illegal when you did it Rule of Law- No one is above the Law

Unit 15: State/Local Gov’tFederalism is the split of power between National Gov’t and States Supremacy Clause- The federal law is always more important that state law Enumerated/Expressed/Delegated- Written Powers of the Federal Gov’t Coin Money Declare War Provide an Army Implied Powers- Not written, can do anything “Necessary and Proper” (Internet) Reserved Powers- Powers given to the States Conduct Elections Run Schools/Education Drivers License Concurrent Powers- Powers that both Federal and States can do Collect Taxes Create Courts Make Laws

Unit 16: Foreign Policy Foreign Policy- how we deal with other countries Domestic Policy- how we deal with issues in the United States Foreign Aid- money/soldiers/supplies to help Treaties- Agreements between countries Alliances- 2 or more countries agree to support each other in war International Organizations- groups from all over the world working to solve problems Conflicts with other Countries Bay of Pigs, World Wars, Vietnam, Korean War, Gulf Wars, Iran Hostage, Cuban Missile Crisis