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Anxiety Disorders Anxiety Disorders

Anxiety Disorders - PowerPoint Presentation

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Anxiety Disorders - PPT Presentation

a group of conditions where the primary symptoms are anxiety or defenses against anxiety the patient fears something awful will happen to them They are in a state of intense apprehension uneasiness uncertainty or fear ID: 431488

disorder anxiety traumatic fear anxiety disorder fear traumatic thoughts ptsd learning perspective compulsive intense feel obsessive ocd urges common post stress suggest

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Slide1

Anxiety Disorders

a group of conditions where the primary symptoms are anxiety or defenses against anxiety.the patient fears something awful will happen to them.They are in a state of intense apprehension, uneasiness, uncertainty, or fear. Slide2

What is anxiety?

is a state of intense apprehension, uneasiness, uncertainty, or fear. Slide3

Generalized Anxiety Disorder

An anxiety disorder in which a person is continuously tense, apprehensive and in a state of autonomic nervous system arousal.The patient may feel constantly tense and worried, feel inadequate, is oversensitive, can’t concentrate and suffers from insomnia. Slide4

Panic Disorder

An anxiety disorder marked by a minutes-long episode of intense dread in which a person experiences terror and accompanying chest pain, choking and other frightening sensations.Can cause secondary disorders, such as agoraphobia.Slide5

Phobias

A person experiences sudden episodes of intense dread.Must be an irrational fear.Phobia ListSlide6

Obsessive-compulsive disorder

Persistent unwanted thoughts (obsessions) cause someone to feel the need (compulsion) to engage in a particular action.Obsession about dirt and germs may lead to compulsive hand washing.Slide7

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Obsessive-Compulsive DisorderPersistence of unwanted thoughts (obsessions) and urges to engage in senseless rituals (compulsions) that cause distress.

Video ClipSlide8

Common Examples of OCD

Common Obsessions:

Common Compulsions:

Contamination fears of germs, dirt, etc.

Washing

Imagining having harmed self or others

Repeating

Imagining losing control of aggressive urges

Checking

Intrusive sexual thoughts or urges

Touching

Excessive religious or moral doubt

Counting

Forbidden thoughts

Ordering/arranging

A need to have things

"just so"

Hoarding or saving

A need to tell, ask, confess

PrayingSlide9

Post-traumatic Stress Disorder

a.k.a. PTSDFlashbacks or nightmares following a person’s involvement in or observation of an extremely stressful event.Memories of the event cause anxiety.Slide10

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Post-Traumatic Stress DisorderFour or more weeks of the following symptoms constitute post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD):

Haunting memories

2. Nightmares

3. Social withdrawal

4. Jumpy anxiety

5. Sleep problems

Bettmann/ Corbis

Video ClipSlide11

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Resilience to PTSDOnly about 10% of women and 20% of men react to traumatic situations and develop PTSD. Holocaust survivors show remarkable resilience against traumatic situations.

All major religions of the world suggest that surviving a trauma leads to the growth of an individual.Slide12

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Explaining Anxiety DisordersFreud suggested that we repress our painful and intolerable ideas, feelings, and thoughts, resulting in anxiety.Slide13

13

The Learning PerspectiveLearning theorists suggest that fear conditioning leads to anxiety. This anxiety then becomes associated with other objects or events (stimulus generalization) and is reinforced.

John Coletti/ Stock, BostonSlide14

14

The Learning PerspectiveInvestigators believe that fear responses are inculcated through observational learning. Young monkeys develop fear when they watch other monkeys who are afraid of snakes.Slide15

15

The Biological PerspectiveNatural Selection has led our ancestors to learn to fear snakes, spiders, and other animals. Therefore, fear preserves the species.

Twin studies suggest that our

genes

may be partly responsible for developing fears and anxiety. Twins are more likely to share phobias.Slide16

16

The Biological PerspectiveGeneralized anxiety, panic attacks, and even OCD are linked with brain circuits like the anterior cingulate cortex.

Anterior Cingulate Cortex

of an OCD patient.

S. Ursu, V.A. Stenger, M.K. Shear, M.R. Jones, & C.S. Carter (2003). Overactive action

monitoring in obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Psychological Science, 14,

347-353.