Introduction to Safe Working for - PowerPoint Presentation

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Introduction to Safe Working for Scientific Research Workers and Post Graduate Students

Sarah WatsonAssistant Safety OfficerUniversity Safety Officer. Ext 13301http://www.nottingham.ac.uk/safety/docs/SB-PG-Safety.ppt

Complete the attendance sheets that will circulatePRINT NAMESIGNSCHOOL & DIVISION

University Safety Office - New Researchers TalkSlide2

ProgrammeSafety - Why bother ? General Precautions

Specific HazardsEmergency ProceduresUniversity Safety Office - New Researchers TalkSlide3

Safety – why bother? University Safety Office - New Researchers TalkLegal Duty

Moral Duty££££££££ReputationSlide4

Health and Safety at Work etc Act 1974Section 2 & 3 - Duties towards employees & others Ensure, so far as is reasonably practicable, health, safety and welfare at work

University Safety Office - New Researchers TalkSlide5

Legal Duties upon the UniversityDuties towards employees AND people affected by undertaking (students/visitors):Workplace

– access, egress, circulationEquipment, tools, substancesProceduresTraining and supervisionWelfare - toilets, washing facilities

So far as is reasonably practicableUniversity Safety Office - New Researchers TalkSlide6

A lot of legislation applies to research at the University – just a few examples……GeneralFirst aidFire

NoiseLeadAsbestosHighly flammable liqIonising RadiationsCOSHHGenetic modificationElectricityPressure systemsWork equipmentPPE

Manual Handling(DSE) ComputersUniversity Safety Office - New Researchers TalkSlide7

University OrganisationUniversity Safety Office - New Researchers TalkSlide8

ResponsibilitiesPIs / Academic Supervisors Identify hazards & risks

Written procedures Ensure effective supervision & training to full competencyDemonstrators (employees - paid!)Understand the practical Know the hazards/precautionsBe ready to interveneAction in case of accidents

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ResponsibilitiesINDIVIDUALS – whether staff or student so that includes YOU

- Work safely - Follow instructions & rules - Don’t endanger others - Don’t misuse safety equipment - Report problems /unsafe situations /incidents

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£££££££££££££££££££££££££££££££££££££££ WHEN SOMETHING GOES WRONG!

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University Safety Office - New Researchers Talk

Chemistry, UoN - Incompatible

Chemicals in Waste SolventSlide14

Accidents cost moneyC

OST OF ACCIDENTS & WORK RELATED Ill HEALTH IN EDUCATION SECTORILL HEALTH £110 - 170 M ] INJURY £50M ] total £220 - 480MNon Injury Accidents £70-260 M ]University Safety Office - New Researchers TalkSlide15

Postgraduates Incidents Typically 30 - 40 accidents reported each year50% handling sharpsOtherschemical exposure

slips and knockshot/cold contact animalsmanual handlingUniversity Safety Office - New Researchers TalkSlide16

General Lab / Workshop SafetyRisk AssessmentTraining Needs / CompetencySpecific HazardsMiscellaneousGlassware SafetyHousekeeping

Late WorkingUnattended ExperimentsEmergency ProceduresUniversity Safety Office - New Researchers TalkSlide17

Risk AssessmentLegal RequirementCarried out before work startsIdentify hazards

Look at controls in placeEvaluate the risk (likelihood)What improvements are needed?Incorporate precautions in SOPsSee School ProceduresUniversity Safety Office - New Researchers Talk

“Hi, I’m David and I’m invincible”Slide18

Risk AssessmentUniversity Safety Office - New Researchers TalkHAZARDthe

potential of something to cause harmRISKthe likelihood of an event occurring which will allow the hazard to occurThink of an activity outside of the UniversityList the hazards

List the control measures that reduce the riskSlide19

Training vs CompetenceAttending training is one thing, being competent to carry out an activity is another.You should have evidence of both training and achieving competence

Some schools use postgraduate supervisory requirements form (PSRF) -personal to you and confirms what supervision you requireKeep a record of allExternal coursesUniversity coursesLab-specific training (procedures and/or equipment)Records should show who has trained you and whenUniversity Safety Office - New Researchers TalkSlide20

Accidents and First AidReport all incidents whether injuries or ill-health (to your line manager/safety officer)Know how to call a first aiderKnow how to call for an ambulance8888 or 0115 9518888

It may be you, it may be a friend, it may be nothing to do with the work – know how to helpUniversity Safety Office - New Researchers TalkSlide21

Fire Safety – What you should know

Evacuation Procedure Call point location Escape route(s) Assembly point

University Safety Office - New Researchers TalkSlide22

Fire ProcedureIf you discover a fireRaise the alarmDial 8888 (0115 951 8888)Leave the building by nearest exit

Close doors and windows behind youReport to assembly pointOnly use extinguisher if:Small, contained fireConfidentClear exit routeUniversity Safety Office - New Researchers TalkSlide23

Fire ProcedureOn hearing alarm - leave building by nearest exit

- closing doors/widows - go to assemblyNotify if known false alarm – 8888(Mobile 0115 9518888)University Safety Office - New Researchers TalkSlide24

Fire Extinguishers University Safety Office - New Researchers Talk

Water – all redDry Powder – blue band

Foam – cream band

CO

2

black bandSlide25

VideoPracticing Safe ScienceUniversity Safety Office - New Researchers TalkSlide26

Typical Hazards in the Research Environmentsubstancestoxic/ carcinogensflammablebiological materialallergens

noisevibrationradiationelectricitymachinerypressure systemsdisplay screen equipmanual handlingmech. handling

transportfalls, falling objectsslips, tripsfireLasersnanoparticles

University Safety Office - New Researchers Talk

The following slides give a summary of the key precautions expected to be in place. Further detail, specific to your research, must be obtained locallySlide27

Substances related hazardsChemicalsFlammablesCarcinogensNanoparticles

PoisonsUniversity Safety Office - New Researchers TalkSlide28

Hazardous SubstancesChemicalsBiological AgentsDustsGasesCOSHH – Control of Substances Hazardous to Health

University Safety Office - New Researchers TalkSlide29

COSHH RegulationsLook at the nature of hazard - harm that can be caused Properties

[toxicity, flammability]Quantity to be usedForm (solid, liquid, gas)Duration and frequency of useUniversity Safety Office - New Researchers TalkSlide30

Routes of exposureExposure Routes - how can harm be causedInhalationIngestionSkin Contact/penetration-

Absorption, SharpsDefective skin barrierUniversity Safety Office - New Researchers TalkSlide31

Hazardous property

Example

Irritant, Harmful,

Ammonia,

Sensitising

Glutaraldehyde, isocyanates, animal allergens, latex

Toxic/

carcinogenic

,

Mutagenic, Teratogenic

Acrylamide, MNU, EthBr, cytotoxic drugs

Corrosive

String acids & bases

Infectious

Bacteria, virus

Flammable

Alcohol, acetone

Explosive

Hexane, hydrogen

Oxidising

Potassium permanganate, Hydrogen peroxide

Ecotoxic

Mercury

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Workplace Exposure Limits University Safety Office - New Researchers Talk

Set for some hazardous substancesMust not be exceeded Limits given in ppm and mg/m3Time averaged concentration in air

Long term (8 hours)Short term (15 minutes) - STELSlide34

Examples of Substances with WELs

[mg/m3] [mg/m

3] 8hr 15minsFormaldehyde

2.5

2.5

Acrylamide 0.3 -

Benzene 1.0 -

Bromine

0.66 2

Methanol

266 333

Toluene

191

574

Xylene 220

441

Acetone 1210 3620

If substance does not have WEL it does not mean it is safe - check MSDS/seek advice

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COSHH AssessmentDecide on control measuresEliminate or substitute, justify use.Engineering - contain, extract (FCs/MSCs)

Personal protectionTraining, supervisionHealth surveillance/screening/vaccinationOther considerations - Storage

- Transport - Disposal - Emergencies – leaks, spills - Nanoparticles

University Safety Office - New Researchers TalkSlide36

NanoparticlesOne or more external dimensions in the order of 100 nm or less ie: < 0.1 micrometre / micronUniversity Safety Office - New Researchers Talk

MSDS for micron-sized particles of a substance does not necessarily apply to nanoparticles – we MUST take the precautionary approach and avoid exposureSlide37

A means of containing or extracting hazardous fumes/vapours/aerosols away from the operator, to be safely discharged to the atmosphere

. SAFE WORKINGCheck it is workingPosition of Equipment

Safe working areaControl air movement

/external forces

Avoid heat sources

Minimise sash opening

Unattended

experiments – leave information

Clean after use

!

Animated demonstration (3 minutes):

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A4AHxLnByts

Fume Cupboards

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THE GOODUniversity Safety Office - New Researchers TalkSlide39

THE BADUniversity Safety Office - New Researchers TalkSlide40

University Safety Office - New Researchers Talk

THE UGLYSlide41

Is this good practice???University Safety Office - New Researchers TalkSlide42

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)Last resort not first line of defense

Lab Coats - must be worn in lab, remove before entering offices/clean areasHand - gloves - correct type for the work ProtectionEye/ face -

glasses, goggles, visors – depending Protection on hazardRespiratory - half masks, full masks, powered Protection hoods

- fit critical to protection

Foot

-

no open toe/canvas shoes in

Protection labs/risk areas. Safety footwear depending on hazards

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Regulated Chemicals/SubstancesSchedule One PoisonsVery Toxic/carcinogensLocked cabinet and restricted accessChemical/Biological Warfare Materials

Sarin, Soman, Tabun, VXSulphur & Nitrogen MustardsLewisitesSaxitoxin, Ricin,Schedule 5 pathogens [ e.g Vibrio Cholera]Toxins e.g. Botox, Tetrodotoxin, Verotoxin, Staphlococcal Toxins, ConotoxinUniversity Safety Office - New Researchers TalkSlide44

Flammable LiquidsFlashpoint - temp. to form a flammable atmosphereFlammable FP < 55CHighly Flammable FP < 32 CExtremely Flammable FP < 21 CFlammability range - 1 to 15 % in air

University Safety Office - New Researchers TalkSlide45

Flammable LiquidsFlash Point – temp to form a flammable atmospherePrecautionsavoid vapour release

never store with acids/oxidising agentstoppered labelled containersminimum quantities on bench < 500mlstore in solvent cupboard [50l max per room]enclosed carriers for Winchestersspark-proof fridgesbeware of - static build up on large scale decanting

- flammable atmospheres /heavy vapoursknow spillage procedure - clear up immediately

University Safety Office - New Researchers TalkSlide46

Cryogenic LiquidsHAZARD: Asphyxiation<18% O2 (spills > 143ml LN/m

3 : 1:700)confined spaces, DO NOT TRAVEL IN LIFTHAZARD: Cold Burns eye protection - goggles/visors/specshands - non absorbent insulated gloves eg leather. Sleeves over ends/securely banded.Feet - closed shoes, trousers overtongs/forcepsIce Plug formationOxygen enrichment

Exploding vialsTransport - NOT BY ROAD - very hazardousUse cardice

University Safety Office - New Researchers TalkSlide47

Equipment HazardsElectricityPressure SystemsLasersIonising RadiationUltra-violetUniversity Safety Office - New Researchers TalkSlide48

ElectricityHAZARD: Electrocution - 50V AC can KILL; Fire

Need to consider:design, construction, maintenanceearthing, fusing, isolation, insulationlive working [special precautions]Periodic inspection/testing - usually annual - stickerUser visual checks (plugs, cable & socket, evidence of overheating, casing)Report all defects Repairs only by authorised persons

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Work EquipmentHAZARD: entanglement, entrapment, being struck by, electrocution, hot/cold contactFit for purposeMaintainedDangerous parts guardedCE markedCertificates of conformityDesign in-house subject to approval

University Safety Office - New Researchers TalkSlide50

Pressure Systems compressed gases, autoclavesHAZARD: Explosion as a result of sudden, uncontrolled release of stored energy Consider sources of stored energy

Steam (at any pressure)Gas or vapours > 0.5 barBoilers, autoclaves, air receivers, reactorsRequirementsDesign/constructionSafe operating limitsWritten scheme for examinations (externally carried out)Written operating instructionsAnnual inspection against written scheme

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Lasers & Ionising RadiationHAZARD: Radiation exposure; Lasers: eye or skin damage resulting from exposure to Class 3B or 4 laser beamSeparate TrainingLocal rules for safe use

Medical/Health questionnaireUniversity Safety Office - New Researchers TalkSlide52

Noise HAZARD: Permanent hearing lossControl Levels<85 dB(A) - negligible risk

85 - 90 dB(A) - small risk inform of risk & HP available on request>90 dB(A) - high risk control at source compulsory hearing protectionaudiometry

University Safety Office - New Researchers TalkSlide53

Ultra-Violet Sources [280nm - 400nm]

Examples: Transilluminators, gel docs, hand held lamps Biocidal lamps, Mercury vapour lamps [uv spec]HAZARD: Sunburn, cancer, eye damageSafety precautions

Interlocks/enclosureUV opaque shieldingUV opaque visor

Cover exposed skin

Restrict access to area

University Safety Office - New Researchers TalkSlide54

Latex AllergyHAZARD: can cause skin/respiratory sensitisation.

1% of population may react.Likely to affect those with history of asthma, dermatitis, eczema, hayfeverSeek advice from Occ Health if skin/resp symptomsUse latex alternatives & powder free glovesUniversity Safety Office - New Researchers TalkSlide55

Explosion in a Microwave OvenHeating 300 ml media in 1 litre Duran bottle. Cap swelled and sealed bottle which then exploded.Debris hurled 3m across lab - unoccupied!!!Use foam or Kim Wipe neck inserts.

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MiscellaneousHAZARD: Falls, Cuts, Slips, TripsWorking at heightGlassware SafetyHousekeepingLone working

Late Working / Out of hours WorkingUnattended ExperimentsLifting EquipmentUniversity Safety Office - New Researchers TalkSlide57

ComputersHAZARD: Muscular skeletal problems - back, neck, shoulders; “Repetitive Strain Injury” – wrists, hands, fingersWorkstation setup – adjust chair to suit, keep keyboard and mouse closeWork routine – plan for regular breaks in computer work

Ask for assessmentUniversity Safety Office - New Researchers TalkSlide58

Summary Risk Assess your workCheck University standards that applyEnsure your supervisor knows what your work involvesAvoid lone working for all but low risk tasksTake the appropriate precautions

Question anything you are uncertain aboutUniversity Safety Office - New Researchers Talk