Jason Zietz Holger Dick Center for LifeLong Learning and Design University of Colorado at Boulder Why Does Energy Consumption Need To Be Addressed Energy ecosystem in crisis Consumers are largely unaware how they impact the environment ID: 420901
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Slide1
The Application Domain: Energy Sustainability
Jason Zietz
Holger
Dick
Center for
LifeLong
Learning and Design
University of Colorado at BoulderSlide2
Why Does Energy Consumption Need To Be Addressed?
Energy ecosystem in crisis
Consumers are largely unaware how they impact the environmentSlide3
Energy Domain Developments
Smart Meters
Measure energy consumption in real-time
Turn invisible consumption to computational data
Smart Grid
System around smart meters and modern infrastructure
Creates a network of energy consumers and producers
Dynamic distribution and production of energy
Allows for dynamic pricing
Faster reaction-times in case of black-outs
Enables cultures of participationSlide4
Impacts of Indirect vs. Direct Feedback
Source
:
Ehrhardt
-Martinez et al. (2010) Advanced Metering Initiatives and Residential Feedback Programs: A Meta-Review for Household Electricity-Saving Opportunities
Slide5
Enhanced Billing
Paper or email bills with additional informationSlide6
Estimated Feedback
Web-based energy audits
Household type
Appliance Information
Billing analysisSlide7
Daily/Weekly Feedback
Xcel EnergySlide8
Real-Time Feedback
Wattvision
(
http://www.wattvision.com
/
)
The Energy Detector (TED)Slide9
Real-Time Plus Feedback
Kill-a-watt
Tendril Volt
Belkin
Conserve InsightSlide10
Research Questions We Are Exploring
Is the data alone motivating enough for people to change their behavior?
What do people care about more – saving a little money every month or making a larger impact on the environment?Slide11
Hypothesis: Gadgets Alone Are Not Enough
How can we help consumers learn how to reduce their energy usage?
Can we leverage social influencers to motivate consumers to reduce their energy usage
?
Inspirations from Cialdini, R. (2009)
Influence: Science and Practice
How can we create opportunities for informal learning by fostering and supporting a culture of participation in the energy domain?Slide12
Motivation
Intrinsic Motivation
Desire to help the environment
Need to better understand one’s energy use
Extrinsic
Motivation
What are my friends doing to help the environment?
What are my neighbors doing to help the environment?Slide13
Influencer: Social Proof
People observe and follow other people’s behavior in state of uncertainty
Observations of others choosing
certain behaviors and actions
serve as proof
that
these behaviors and actions are
goodSlide14
Influencer: Social Norms
People want to be normal
People try to be and act as the perceived “normal” or average person does
Being different than the average is
bad,
even when being different in a good way (Schultz et
al (2007) “The Constructive, Destructive, and Reconstructive Power of Social Norms”)Slide15
Influencer: Peer Pressure
People don’t want to offend or publicly disagree with peers
People feel that others judge them and their actions and try to fulfill the other’s perceived expectationsSlide16
Social Influences: A Caveat
Descriptive versus Injunctive Norms (
Cialdini, 2003)
http://
www.youtube.com/watch?v=j7OHG7tHrNM
Competition
“When people operate with the goal of trying to win, the controlling aspect of competition becomes more salient than the informational aspect and will…tend to decrease people’s intrinsic motivation.” (Deci, et al
. 1981)Slide17
Ubiquitous Data and Devices
Given the proliferation of computational devices and the nearly unbounded access to data, consumers are more likely now than in the past to interact with their “energy data”
Any system we design should
be accessible
regardless of time and placeSlide18
Our Proposed System: EMPIRE
EMPIRE
Makes Data Meaningful
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Sci
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Learning SciencesSlide19
Research Questions To Be Explored
How many people are willing to interact with real-time feedback? Do people want even daily or weekly feedback?
How can we achieve the maximum impact? Less people saving more or more people saving
less? Can
we let consumers decide?
Provide as much or as little feedback as a customer wants