Ethos Logos Aim to identify rhetorical appeals and explain how they help to develop make persuasive a central message in Stephanie Ericssons The Ways We Lie Do now Look at the following advertisement ID: 650005
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Slide1
The Rhetorical Appeals
Pathos
, Ethos, LogosSlide2
Aim
:
to identify rhetorical appeals and explain how they help to develop /make persuasive a central message in Stephanie Ericsson’s “The Ways We Lie.”
Do now
: Look at the following advertisement.
What makes this ad
powerful? Slide3
What makes this ad so powerful?Slide4
How about this (old) cigarette ad? What makes smoking
Luckies
seem less harmful than it really is?Slide5
Companies and Advertisers are desperately trying to sell you something,
but they were certainly not the first to try to sell people something– to
persuade
people into accepting or buying into
I
deas
Philosophies
Proposals
Laws, codes
Scientific theoriesReligious or moral doctrines …to name a fewSlide6
Rhetoric– the art of speaking– was a huge part of Roman politics and culture, which encouraged public speaking as a means of political persuasion.
Aristotle introduced three different kinds of rhetorical proof–
or types of evidence that could aid or support persuasion:
p
athos
,
ethos
, and
logosSlide7
Pathos
When a writer or speaker appeals to
pathos
, he or she is appealing to the audience’s
emotions
.
He or She is attempting to alter, sway, or influence the audience’s judgment by stirring or evoking strong emotion.
This is often
attempted
through the use
of:
imagery vivid detail and images
tone
figurative language
Exaggeration or hyperbole
diction
/
word-choice
personal anecdotes or storiesSlide8
Ethos
When a writer or speaker appeals to
ethos
, he or she is trying to get the audience to view or accept him or her as
credible, trustworthy, of good character, knowledgeable.
This is often attempted by:
emphasizing or displaying shared values or experience (with the audience)
Making oneself out to be an expert or authority
Calling upon other experts or authorities
“Name-dropping”
Speaking in a particular tone or with a particular diction that appeals to the audience (i.e., an authoritative tone, a humble tone, a formal diction, informal diction)
Storytelling (anecdotes)Slide9
Logos
When a writer or speaker appeals to
logos
, he or she is appealing to logic.
He or she is trying to persuade the audience by presenting:
Rational ideas
Facts (statistics, figures, historical references)Slide10
What appeals do you see at work?Slide11
Why is it important to understand /be familiar with the rhetorical appeals?
To be a better, critical thinker, a smarter consumer of information and products
(There has never been a more relevant time)
To become better at persuasive argumentTo ace you Regents exam
Part II: The argumentative essay
Part III: Short, analytical text analysisSlide12
Stephanie Ericsson’s “The Ways We Lie”
Together
:
R
ead
the intro and answer the following
.
1.
What
is
Ericcson’s message about lying? What is her attitude?How do you know? What tells you this in the text?
On your own:Read
one
assigned subsection as follows
Right side of the class: Read “The White Lie”
Left side of the class: Read “Ignoring the Plain Facts
”
Answer the following Questions:
1
. Define the lie
Ericcson
discusses in your subsection
2. How does
Ericcson
feel about this kind of
lie?
3. What in the text tells you this?
With a partner
:
Reread and identify a rhetorical appeal at work.
1. What appeal/s (to pathos, ethos, or logos) can you identify
? Explain.Slide13
Homework
Complete the worksheet handed out in class.
Select a subsection (one you did not read in class) to read at home.
Once again, define the kind of lie Ericsson presents and how she feels about it (her tone, attitude).
Identify one or more rhetorical appeal/s at work, making sure to provide evidence and explain.
What correlation can you make to
Streetcar
?Slide14