ARTERIAL SYSTEM Major Arteries exiting the heart: - PowerPoint Presentation

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ARTERIAL SYSTEM

Major Arteries exiting the heart:● PULMONARY ARTERIES (from heart to lungs) ● AORTASlide2

AORTA:

● the aorta is the largest artery (diameter)● the aorta can be divided into the: *ASCENDING AORTA (as it emerges from the heart) *AORTIC ARCH

*DESCENDING AORTASlide3

Principal branches of the

ASCENDING AORTA & AORTIC ARCH:● the major branches are the: *CORONARY ARTERIES (branch off from the base of the ascending aorta)

*BRACHIOCEPHALIC (branch of the aortic arch) *LEFT COMMON CAROTID (branch of the aortic arch) *LEFT SUBCLAVIAN (branch of the aortic arch)Slide4

Arteries to the Neck, Head, and Brain

● the brachiocephalic artery branches into the: R COMMON CAROTID and R SUBCLAVIAN Slide5
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Arteries to the Shoulder and Arm

● the subclavian artery becomes the: *AXILLARY ARTERY (wall of chest) – which becomes the: *BRACHIAL ARTERY

(upper arm) – which branches into the: *ULNAR ARTERY (parallels the ulna) & the *RADIAL ARTERY (

parallels the radius)Slide7
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**as the radial artery nears the wrist, it approaches the surface and provides a convenient vessel for taking the “pulse” (

RADIAL PULSE)  # beats per minuteSlide9

Principal branches of the

DESCENDING AORTA:● the descending aorta gives rise to the: *THORACIC AORTA and *

ABDOMINAL AORTA● the abdominal aorta gives rise to the: *R and L RENAL arteries (go to the kidneys)

*MESENTERIC arteries (go to intestines) *R and L COMMON ILIAC arteriesSlide10
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Arteries to the Pelvis and Legs

**RECALL: the abdominal aorta branches into the R and L common iliac arteries

● each common iliac artery

divides into:Internal iliac arteryExternal iliac artery (main blood supply to lower limbs) Slide12

Int. iliacSlide13

Arteries to the Pelvis and Legs

● the external iliac artery becomes the: *FEMORAL ARTERY – which becomes the: *POPLITEAL ARTERY

(knee joint)● the popliteal artery divides into the: *

ANTERIOR and POSTERIOR TIBIAL ARTERIESSlide14
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VENOUS SYSTEM

Characteristics of Venous Pathways:veins return blood to the heart

many veins are hard to follow/identify because they connect in irregular pathways

 the larger veins typically parallel the arteries (and have the same names as their arterial counterparts) (ex: renal vein parallels the renal artery; common iliac vein parallels the common iliac artery, etc.)Slide16
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Major Veins entering the heart:

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PULMONARY VEINS (from lungs to heart)● SUPERIOR VENA CAVA and

INFERIOR VENA CAVA (both drain into the R atrium)Slide18

I MOVED THIS SLIDE:

Veins from the Arm and Shoulder:*veins here generally parallel the arteries in each region: RADIAL VEIN & ULNAR VEIN 

BRACHIAL VEIN  AXILLARY VEIN  SUBCLAVIAN VEIN

 BRACHIOCEPHALIC VEINSlide19
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Veins from the Brain, Head, and Neck:

● JUGULAR VEINS:  EXTERNAL JUGULAR

(R and L): drain blood from the face, scalp, and superficial neck -drain into the R and L SUBCLAVIAN VEINS 

INTERNAL JUGULAR (R and L): larger than external; drain blood from the brain, deep face/neck -drain into the R and L BRACHIOCEPHALIC VEINS**all of these vessels then merge and give rise to the SUPERIOR VENA CAVA  R atrium!Slide21
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COOL!!!!!Slide23

Veins from the Abdominal Cavity:

● RENAL VEINS: drain the kidneys● HEPATIC VEINS:

drain the liver● carry blood to the INFERIOR VENA CAVASlide24

Veins from the Legs and Pelvis:

*veins here generally parallel the arteries in each region: ANTERIOR & POSTERIOR TIBIAL VEINS  POPLITEAL VEIN 

FEMORAL VEIN  EXTERNAL ILIAC (MERGE w/ INTERNAL 

COMMON ILIAC VEIN  INFERIOR VENA CAVA  HEARTSlide25
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Also from the legs…

**GREAT (GREATER) SAPHENOUS VEIN: longest vein in the body; runs upward along the medial side of the leg and thigh; penetrates deep into the thigh and joins with the femoral veinSlide27

Great Saphenous

Vein