Department of Environmental Health amp Safety Training Outline Basic Structures amp Functions of the Back Common Back Injuries Maintaining a Healthy Back Back Injury Risk Factors Manual Material Handling ID: 729428
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Slide1
Back Injury Prevention
Washington State University
Department
of Environmental Health & SafetySlide2
Training Outline
Basic Structures & Functions of the Back
Common Back InjuriesMaintaining a Healthy BackBack Injury Risk FactorsManual Material HandlingProper Lifting TechniquesOther Back Stressors
Back Injury PreventionSlide3
Structures of the SpineSlide4
Summary of the Spine’s Functions
Protection
Spinal Cord and Nerve Roots Many Internal OrgansBase for Attachment
Ligaments
Tendons
Muscles
Structural
Support
Head, Shoulders, Chest Balance and Weight DistributionFlexibility & Mobility Flexion (forward bending) Extension (backward bending) Side Bending (left and right) Rotation (left and right) Combination of the above
Functions of
the Spine Slide5
Estimated that 85 – 95% will suffer from Low Back Pain
Acute events vs. cumulative trauma
Back Injuries Slide6
L5/S1 incurs the greatest stress:
Compression
ShearTorsionBack InjuriesSlide7
Muscle and Tendon Sprains
Ligament Strains
Vertebrae FacturesDisc ProblemsBack InjuriesSlide8
General Health
Genetics
Injury HistoryRecreational ActivitiesHome ActivitiesWork TasksLifting, lowering, carrying, pushing & pullingAwkward and static postures
Back Injury Risk FactorsSlide9
We use are backs 24/7: how we live affects our back’s health
Reduce Stress
Balance Diet Quit SmokingExerciseStrength Flexibility Endurance
Maintaining a Healthy BackSlide10
Neutral Postures
Sitting
StandingMaintaining a Healthy BackSlide11
What is Manual Material Handling:
It is the …
liftingloweringpushingpullingand carrying…..
of objects, tools, equipment and supplies.
Manual Material Handling (MMH)Slide12
Methods to control back stressors when manually handling materials:
Minimize the amount of weight handled
Use a material handling deviceBreakdown/repackage into smaller packagesOrder smaller size packages
Manual Material HandlingSlide13
So how much can you safely lift?
It depends on a number of factors:
Who is doing the liftingHow frequent are the lifts (lifts/minute)How long is the lifting task (lifts/total time)Is twisting and bending part of the liftObject weight, size, contents, and shape (hand holds)
Frequency, duration and intensity are the key factors
Manual Material HandlingSlide14
So how much can you safely lift?
It depends on who you ask:
CDC/NIOSH – 51lbs.ACGIH – 70 lbs.Washington State Department of Safety & Health repealed ergonomics standard – 90 lbs.
Manual Material Handling Slide15
Five factors to consider:
Object weight (heft test)
Object size, contents, shape – hand holdsFrequency of the liftsVertical distance of the liftsHorizontal distance between the object and person
Proper LiftingSlide16
The two most critical factors to consider:
Object weight – duh!
Object size, contents and shape – hand holdsFrequency of the liftsVertical distance of the liftsHorizontal distance between the object and person
Proper LiftingSlide17
Impact of Horizontal Distance
(30 lbs. x 36 in.) + (85 lbs. x 12 in.) = 2,100 in-lbs.
(30 lbs. x 16 in.) + (85 lbs. x 0 in.) = 480 in-lbs.
30 lbs.
L5/S1 Disk
16 in.
85 lbs.
0 in.
30 lbs.
85 lbs.
12 in.
L5/S1 Disk
36 in.Slide18
Plan the lift
Spread feet shoulder width apart
Maintain the curves of the spineBend at the kneesHead up and chin upLift slowly and evenlyAvoid twisting Keep load close to the body!
Maintain clear field of view
Proper Lifting TechniqueSlide19
Different Lifting Techniques
The Diagonal Lift
The Power LiftSlide20
Prolonged Standing
Prolonged Sitting
VibrationUsing Tools Slips, Trips and FallsPushing and PullingProlonged and Frequent Bending, Reaching and TurningOther Back Stressors Slide21
Thank You