Forces of Flight - PowerPoint Presentation

Slide1

Forces of FlightSlide2

While a plan is flying, there are four forces

acting with and against each other. These forcesare: -lift -drag -thrust -weightSlide3

Lift

Lift is the force that causes an airplane to rise. The wings of a plane give it lift.Lift is caused by air movement and air pressure. Slide4

How is Lift created?

The air above a wing tends to move faster thanthe air below it.According to Bernoulli’s Principle, slower air has higher pressure than faster air. Which means air pressure pushing up on the bottom of the wings is greater than the pressure pushing down, so the wing goes up.Slide5

Weight

All things have weight. Weight is how heavy or light an object is.The earth’s gravity pulls down on objects, which gives them weight.Slide6

The gravity of earth pulls down on any object,

even a flying plane.The force created by lift needs to be greater than the weight of the plane so that the plane can take off.Slide7

Plane A is smaller and weighs less than plane B.

How much lift will Plane B need to get off the Ground?Same as A More than A Less than ASlide8

More than A!

That’s right! A heavier plane needs more lift than a lighter plane in order to take off. So the weight of a plane tells how much lift is needed

for the plane to fly.

More weight needs more lift!Slide9

Thrust

Thrust is the force that moves a plane forward. Engines usually provide thrust for airplanes, and the engine could be a propeller engine or a jet engine. Your hand provides thrust when launching a paper airplane.Slide10

By moving the plane through the air, the

engine’s thrust keeps the plane flying.As long as there is air flowing over the wings, lift happens, keeping the plan in the air.Slide11

Planes and cars both have thrust. What part of a

plane gives it thrust?Jet Engine Wings PropellersSlide12

Both a jet engine and propeller give a plane

thrust. The wings on a plane create lift, not thrust.Slide13

Drag

Drag is caused by the resistance of the wind or air against the plane. The shape and speed of an

airplane tells how much drag it has. Drag can

slow a plane down.Slide14

If both of these planes are flying at the same

speed, the streamlined shaped plane will have less drag than the bulky shaped plane. Slide15

What does that mean? A streamlined plane

moves through the air more easily because its surface is smoother so the air flows easily over its surface. As a plane flies faster, drag will increase. That's why faster planes have to be more streamlined.Slide16

Thrust is greater than drag

 the plane speeds upThrust and drag are equal  The speed stays the sameDrag is greater than thrust  The plane slows downSo, Speed increases when thrust increases and drag decreases!Slide17

While it is flying, the thrust, created by the

engine of this plane suddenly decreases and is less than the drag. What will this plane do in the sky?Speed up Stay the same Slow downSlide18

It will slow down!

Great! Because the drag is now greater than the

thrust, the plane starts slowing down!Slide19

Now the engine is revved, so that thrust

increases and becomes greater than drag. What does the plane do now?Speed up Stay the same Slow downSlide20

Speed Up!

Fantastic! The plane will speed up because the thrust is now greater than the drag.Slide21

This fire fighting plane just released its load of

water over the forest fire, thus decreasing its weight. If the pilot does nothing to the engine controls, what will happen to the plane? It will...Drop Down Rise in the air Slow downSlide22

Rise in the Air

Super! The plane will rise in the air because the weight has decreased while the lift stayed the

same.Slide23

This plane's cargo hold was overloaded with

packages to be delivered in the next state. Its weight is bigger than the lift that the plane would be able to create. What will happen to the plane? It will...Not Take Off Take OffSlide24

Not Take Off

That's it! The plane will not even be able to take off because it can't create enough lift to overcome the added weight.