Chapter 9 Copyright 2016 by Holcomb Hathaway Publishers Two type of movements are characteristic of the first several months of life Infant reflexes Stereotypies Copyright 2016 by Holcomb Hathaway Publishers ID: 813555
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Infant Reflexes and Stereotypies
Chapter 9
Copyright © 2016 by Holcomb Hathaway Publishers
Slide2Two type of movements are characteristic of the first several months of life:Infant reflexesStereotypies
Copyright © 2016 by Holcomb Hathaway Publishers
Motor Development in Infancy
Slide3Last four months of prenatal life and first four months after birthInvoluntary and subcorticalTotal number is unknown
Help to secure nourishment and protectionProvide information on infant health and neurological maturationSome persevere past infancy: Lifespan reflexes
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Infant Reflexes
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Expected Time of Occurrence of Selected Infant Reflexes
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Primitive Reflexes
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Palmar grasp reflex
Sucking reflex
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Search reflex
Moro reflex
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Asymmetric tonic
neck reflex
Symmetric tonic
neck reflex
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Plantar grasp reflex
Babinski reflex
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Palmar
mandibular
reflex
Palmar mental reflex
Slide11Postural Reflexes
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Stepping reflex
Crawling reflex
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Swimming reflex
Head-righting reflex
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Body-righting reflex
Parachuting reflex
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Labryinthine
reflex
Pull-up reflex
Slide16Age specificIndicators of an infant’s neurological maturationCerebral palsyTested during routine physical examinations by trained professionals
Milani Comparetti Neuromotor Developmental Examination
Primitive Reflex Profile Also used as diagnostic tools with adultsParkinson’s disease
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Reflexes as Diagnostic Tools
Slide17After reading the discussion on page 216 of the text, do you agree that reflexes provide a form of practice that helps an infant attain future movement?Or do you believe that reflexes are simply involuntary and have no link to later voluntary movement?
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Reflecting on Infant Reflexes
and Developing Future Movement
Slide18Rhythmical, patterned, seemingly centrally controlled movementsIn adults: A sign of atypical development; mental or emotional disordersIn infants: Considered typical behavior that provides evidence of functional maturation of neurological system
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Stereotypies
Slide19Palmar Grasp Reflex Sucking Reflex Search (Rooting) Reflex
Moro Reflex Asymmetric Tonic Neck Reflex
Plantar Grasp Reflex
Babinski Reflex
Stepping Reflex
Swimming Reflex
Parachuting Reflex
Pull-Up Reflex
Copyright © 2016 by Holcomb Hathaway Publishers
Videos—Reflexes
Visit YouTube to watch videos of these various reflexes,
some in infants as young as 30-minutes old.