PPT-How to Read or Write Chromosomal Analysis report

Asmaa A Almukhtar PHD Lecturer Medical Genetic Department ICCMGR 2021 How to read karyotype Need to know chromosomal structure and composition What is the karyotypephotograph What is the karyotypingprocess. 97 No 1 pp 6973 2001 Nuclear Technology Publishing BIOMARKERS SPECIFIC TO DENSELYIONISING HIGH LET RADIATIONS D J Brenner N Okladnikova P Hande L Burak C R Geard and T Azizova Center for Radiological Research Columbia University 6 Types . of Mutations | . Effects . of . Mutations. Learning Objectives. Identify different changes to DNA within both genes and chromosomes. Evaluate effects of changes to DNA on proteins produced and organisms’ overall survival. Mutations. Hollywood’s images of . mutation. Mutations. Actual Mutations . in fruit flies. What is a mutation?. A mutation is any change in a cell’s DNA. A mutation can occur in an individual gene. Cytogenetics. CDC’s 2003 Science Ambassador Program. Chromosomal Karyotypes. Overview. I. Chromosomes. A. Definition. B. Structure. C. Identification. II. Karyotypes. A. Definition. Karyotype. Human Chromosomes. Humans have . 46 . chromosomes arranged in . 23. pairs. Two . sex chromosomes. - determine an individual’s sex. Females . have two copies of the large X chromosome. Males have one X and a smaller Y chromosome. Yuvaraja’s College. University of Mysore, Mysore. 11 September 2020. 1. www.hbmahesh.weebly.com. Chromosomes . have definite . structure and organization, which is normally constant from one cell division to next. . 12.1 Chromosomal Inheritance . 1. Genes are located on chromosomes; this is called the . chromosome theory of inheritance. .. 12.1 Chromosomal Inheritance. Chromosomes can be categorized as two types:. 1. A. Background. . 1. Genetics. . 1860’s—. Mendel. . proposed that discrete . inherited . factors . segregate . and assort . independently . during gamete . formation. . 2. Cytology. . . sami. FICOG. CABCOG. Recurrent miscarriage. Definition :. ≥ 3 consecutive losses of clinically recognized pregnancies < 20 week gestation. Ectopic, molar, and biochemical pregnancies not included. Prokaryotic cell. Plasmid (ring of DNA. ). 50 x Smaller 0.2-2μm. 50 x Bigger 10-100μm. And small rings of DNA called plasmids. Inside a nucleus. Main differences. Prokaryotes:. SIZE – 50 x smaller than eukaryotes. 1 1 . No. 3 . pp: 201 - 208 , March 201 3 Original a rticle The study of chromosomal abnormalities and heteromorphism in couples with 2 or 3 recurrent abortions in Shahid Beheshti H ospital of Ham Prepared by Rania Naoufal, M.D.. Learning Objectives. Chromosome structure. Chromatin. Chromatin exists in several alternative configurations, depending on what that particular stretch of DNA is doing. mutation. Mutations. Actual Mutations . in fruit flies. What is a mutation?. A mutation is any change in a cell’s DNA. A mutation can occur in an individual gene. - results in a single changed protein. Suud. . khalifa. 2- Diseases caused by mutation in mitochondrial genes:. Mitochondria contain several genes encodes for enzymes of oxidative phosphorylation, usually the ovum contain the large part of mitochondria, so the inheritance of mitochondrial gene is maternal..