Head of International Advocacy A race to the bottom Trends in privacy and surveillance in Asia Africa and Latin America Challenges to privacy Surveillance intelligence and law enforcement SIM card registration ID: 593797
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Carly Nyst
Head of International Advocacy
A race to the bottom?
Trends in privacy and surveillance in Asia, Africa and Latin AmericaSlide2
Challenges to privacySurveillance, intelligence and law enforcement
SIM card registration ID and BiometricsDNA databasesSlide3
Surveillance and interception trendsIncreasingly permissive surveillance lawsKenya (Prevention of Terrorism Act 2012): indefinite interception
Philippines (Cybercrime Prevention Act 2012)Access to communications dataUK (Communications Data Bill 2012)South Korea – 36 million times a yearEstablishment of monitoring centresIndia CMSUganda (Regulation of Interception of Communications Act 2010)
Kenya (
Network Early Warning System (NEWS) to monitor incoming and outgoing email
traffic)Slide4
Direct access to telecommunications infrastructureColombia (Ministries of Justice and ICTs Decree 1704/2012)NSA/GCHQ/Five Eyes spying
arrangementsMore power to intelligence servicesKenya (National Intelligence Services Act 2012)South Africa (General Intelligence Laws Amendment Bill 2011)Extraterritorial application of surveillance technologiesPakistan (FTB 2012)Slide5
New surveillance technologiesSlide6
SIM card registration
48/54 countries in Africa require mandatory registration of SIM cardsSlide7Slide8
Identity cards and biometricsSlide9
DNA databasesSlide10
Positive developments – data protectionScaling back of data retention laws“the globalisation
of Convention 108” Heading towards the ubiquity of data protection legislationHowever, still regional weaknessesSlide11
Data retentionCf. African Union (?)
AustraliaRomaniaGermanyCzech RepublicArgentinaCanadaSwedenAustria (?)
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Data protection – global landscapeSlide13
Data protection – Latin AmericaLegislation existing inArgentina (2000)Chile (1999)Colombia (2012)
Costa Rica (2011)Mexico (2010)Nicaragua (2012)Peru (2011)Uruguay (2008)Draft bills inBrazilDominica Dominican republic
Grenada
Jamaica
Barbados
Cayman Islands
Slide14
Data Protection – Asia-PacificLegislation existing inHong Kong (1995)Japan (2003)
Malaysia (2010)Nepal (2007)Philippines (2012) Singapore (2012)Vietnam (2010)Taiwan (2010)New Zealand (2010)Australia (2001)Draft bills inThailand
Slide15
Data protection – Africa and Middle EastLegislation existing inCape Verde (2001)
Ghana (212)Morocco (2009)Senegal (2008)Tunisia (2004)Yemen (2012)Zimbabwe (2002)Draft bills inTanzaniaSouth AfricaNigeria
Niger
Mali
Madagascar
Kenya
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The future?