However unlike electrical current that 64258ows through a metal strip according to Ohms law optical waves travel in the waveguide in distinct opti cal modes A mode in this sense is a spatial distribution of optical energy in one or more dimensions t ID: 26909
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Chapter2 OpticalWaveguideModes Theopticalwaveguideisthefundamentalelementthatinterconnectsthevarious devicesofanopticalintegratedcircuit,justasametallicstripdoesinanelectri- calintegratedcircuit.However,unlikeelectricalcurrentthat owsthroughametal Chap.3,amathematicallysounddevelopmentofwaveguidetheoryisgiven. 2.1ModesinaPlanarWaveguideStructure AsshowninFig.2.1,aplanarwaveguideischaracterizedbyparallelplanarbound- fullysolvingthewaveequation. 2.1.1TheoreticalDescriptionoftheModesofaThree-Layer PlanarWaveguide Tobeginthediscussionofopticalmodes,considerthesimplethree-layerplanar waveguidingstructureofFig.2.1.Thelayersareallassumedtobein niteinextent y and z directions,andlayers1and3arealsoassumedtobesemi-in nitein the x direction.Lightwavesareassumedtobepropagatinginthe z direction.Ithas