Hamad Alshageri Zaied Alharithi Out Line Introduction Type of Euthanasia Methods of Euthanasia Conditions make patients to seek euthanasia Reasons Pros and cons of Euthanasia ID: 908072
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Slide1
Euthanasia
BY
Muteb
Alshayban
Hamad
Alshageri
Zaied
Alharithi
Slide2Out Line:
- Introduction.
- Type of Euthanasia.
- Methods of Euthanasia
- Conditions make patients to seek euthanasia (Reasons).
- Pros and cons of Euthanasia
- Laws in different countries.
- Religious views.
- Factors responsible for decision making.
Slide3Introduction
The word ‘Euthanasia’ is derived from Greek, ‘
Eu
’ meaning ‘good’ and ‘
thanatos
’ meaning ‘death’, put together it means ‘good death’.
Euthanasia is defined as: Hastening of person death to prevent further suffering.
It is the act or practice of ending a life of a person.
It is believed that euthanasia started in ancient Greece and Rome around the fifth century B.C.
Slide4Types of Euthanasia
1- Active Euthanasia
When death is brought by an act, to end an incurably ill patient’s life.
2- Passive Euthanasia
Withdrawing or withholding treatment which is necessary for maintaining life.
Withdrawing: Switching off a machine that keeps the person alive.
Withholding: Not carrying out a surgery that will extend life of the patient for a short time.
Slide5Types of Euthanasia
- Voluntary: At patient request.
- Non voluntary: Without patient consent.
This is usually called murder, but it is possible to imagine cases where the killing would count as a favor for the patient.
Slide6Assisted suicide
When the person who are going to die need help to kill him selves and ask for it.
It may be something as simple as getting drugs for the person, and putting those drugs within their reach.
Slide7Methods of Euthanasia
- Drugs: In Oregon, a doctor can write a prescription for drugs that are intended to kill the patient.
- Injections: In the Netherlands, the practice is an injection to render the patient comatose, followed by a second injection to stop the heart.
- Starvation and Dehydration: Right-to-die activists often advocate the withdrawal of food and water in order to hasten death.
Slide8Common conditions make patients to seek euthanasia
- Terminally ill patient.
- Severe physical or psychological pain.
- Physical or mental debilitation or deterioration.
- A quality of life that is no longer acceptable to the individual.
Slide9Pros of Euthanasia
- People should be allowed to choose. Control over one's own body should be a fundamental right.
- Euthanasia can reduce or prevent people who are suffering extreme pain. Forcing people to suffer against their will is wrong.
- It can free up health care resources to help someone else who is severely ill.
- Euthanasia does not mean a lack of caring or compassion, on the contrary, the patient's needs are put first.
Slide10Cons of Euthanasia
- The idea that every human life is precious and has value is undermined by euthanasia.
- Most medical professionals do not want to be involved with killing patients.
- Euthanasia could be used to control health care costs, with the patients needs and wishes taking second place.
- If voluntary euthanasia is allowed, then there is a danger of it developing into a slippery slope situation where say, sick elderly people end up having their lives terminated because selfish relatives don’t want to look after them, or out of greed for inheritance money.
- Euthanasia has a dark history and was used in Nazi Germany for the extermination of children and adults that the government found undesirable, such as the disabled. Keeping it illegal means that no government can use it for political means.
Slide11Laws
In Europe, Euthanasia is only legal in the Netherlands and Belgium in certain conditions
In Japan, Only passive euthanasia is permitted for patients who have been in a coma for more than 3 months
In Egypt, Equating euthanasia with murder but allowing the withholding of treatment that is deemed useless.
Slide12Religious views
A-Islam
Muslims are against euthanasia, it is Allah chooses how long each person will live.
B-Christianity
Christians are mostly against euthanasia, the arguments are usually based on the beliefs that life is given by God, and that human beings are made in God's image.
Slide13Factors responsible for decision making
Factors are classified into physical and psychological factors.
Physical conditions that affect the quality of life in these patients are unbearable pain, nausea and vomiting, difficulty in swallowing, paralysis, incontinence, and breathlessness.
Psychological factors include depression, feeling a burden, fearing loss of control or dignity, or dislike of being dependent.
Slide14Reverences
Euthanasia revisited.
Chao DV, Chan NY, Chan WY Fam
Pract
. 2002 Apr; 19(2):128-34.
British Broadcasting Corporation. Ethics Guide. Euthanasia. 2014. [Last accessed on 2014 Mar 15]. Available from: http://
www.bbc.co.uk
/ethics/euthanasia/overview/
introduction.shtml
. [Ref list]
Slide15Any Questions
Slide16Thank You