Non-Timber Forest Products - PowerPoint Presentation

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Non-Timber Forest Products in Southern US

Phil

Araman

For

Jim Chamberlain

USDA, Forest Service

Blacksburg

, VA

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Non-Timber Forest Products

Originate from forest plants and fungi, not timber-based, may be tree-based

Fungi, moss, lichen, ground covers, herbs, shrubs, trees

Roots, tubers, leaves, barks, twigs, fruits, fungi, sap and resin, woodFrom within and on edges of natural, manipulated or disturbed forests

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Other Names

Special Forest Products

Forest Service (National Strategy)

Forest Botanical ProductsU.S. CongressAny naturally occurring mushrooms, fungi, flowers, seeds, roots, bark, leaves, and other vegetation (or portion thereof) that grow on National Forest System lands.

Other Names

Non-Wood Forest Products (UN, FAO)

Non-traditionalSecondaryMinor

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outlineA little history

Definition – what are we talking about

Market segments – a little bit about the marketsWhat is the FS doing – our focus

How can we work together?

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Native plants with economic value

Non-Timber Forest Products – what are they?

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Early Accounts

1603 – Martha’s Vineyard

First export back to England

1733 – Charleston, SC60 tons Lignum vitae27 tons for sassafras8 chests of skins348 barrels turpentine2802 barrels pitch1748, Charleston, SC10,000 barrels turpentine134,118 pounds indigo200 Beaver skins1700 pounds wax

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1872-1874Fredericksburg Distiller pays $0.30 per 100 lbs.Processes 175 tons of root

Final Product sells for $0.75 per lbs.

Produces 200 lbs of oil each weekDye

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1900

Georgia, Florida and Alabama major producers of pine rosin and turpentine

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Medicinal Plants -- Ginseng

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Volumes of NTFPs from National Forests

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Permitted Value of NTFPs from National Forests

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Categories of NTFPs

Edible & Culinary

Mushrooms, berries, ramps, nuts

CraftsWalking sticks, bowls, jewelryFloral Decoratives

fresh/dried flowers, aromatic oils, greenery, basket filler, wreaths, and roping

Landscaping

Transplants and pine strawMedicinal & Dietary SupplementsRoots, bark, leaves,

Tinctures, pills, etc.

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Edible & Culinary

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Mushrooms

shiitake, maitake, lion’s mane

Grow for Local Foods Market

Grow Organic

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Ramps (Allium tricoccum)

Spring ephemeral

Edible leaves, bulb

Festivals, community groupsInternet, farmers markets, restaurantsPossible grow in raised bedsImportant point – find markets before starting

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Crafts

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Smokevine, Grape, KudzuWood, vines used for decorations and craftsSmokevine root used as medicinal tea for digestion

May be pests

Vines

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Under-Utilized Trees

Sassafras

Root bark used as flavoring, aromatic, and medicinal

Wood used for furniture, decorationsWood and bark used as yellow dye

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Fringe Tree

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Floral & Decoratives

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Decorative Plants

Curly Willow

Corkscrew Willow

Kuwa Branches

Goldleaf Birch

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Landscaping – transplants & mulch

Native Plants

Evergreen shrubs with spring blooms

Popular in landscape plantings

Rhododendron

Mountain Laurel

Flame Azalea

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Pine Straw for mulch

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Medicinal & Dietary Supplements

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Distribution of Ginseng Harvest

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Latin Name

Common Name

Plant part

Average Annual Harvest

a

2001-2005

Average Annual Harvest

a

2006-2010

Percent Change

Actaea racemosa

black cohosh

Root

224,072

284,162

26.8%

Aletris farinosa

white colicroot

Root

1,012

690

-31.9%

Aristolochia serpentaria

Virginia snakeroot

Root

121

43

-64.2%

Caulophyllum thalictroides

blue cohosh

Root

6,651

5,169

-22.3%

Chamaelirium luteum

fairywand

Root

4,688

4,541

-3.1%

Cypripedium spp.

lady's slipper

Whole plant

51

48

-4.3%

Dioscorea villosa

wild yam

Tuber

33,422

37,692

12.8%

Hydrastis canadensis

goldenseal

Root & Leaf

73,619

74,708

1.5%

Panax quinquefolius

American ginseng

Root

62,294

63,461

2.0%

Sanguinaria canadensis

bloodroot

Root

24,823

5,056

-79.6%

Serenoa repens

saw palmetto

Fruit

3,293,377

2,432,841

-26.1%

Trillium erectum

red trillium

Whole plant

1,099

1,445

31.5%

Ulmus rubra

slippery elm

Bark

182,435

304,207

66.7%

Major Medicinal Plants from Southern US

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Forest Service ResearchNon-Timber Output Assessment

Ecosystem Valuation Methods

Sustainable Harvest Levels & MethodsForest Farming

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Non-Timber Product Output

NTPO

Goal

Survey mechanism to report NTFP harvest volumesSimilar to Timber Product OutputReport according to FIA unit (compatability)Improve reporting for International CommitmentsAnalytics illustrate status and changesInstitutionalize ProcessDevelop on-line reporting and summaries

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Medicinal Forest Products

Harvest by FIA Zone

Zone 3

Zone 4

Zone 2

Zone 1

Total – 26,263 Pounds

99 %

< 1 %

< 1 %

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Slippery Elm (

Ulmus

rubra) Bark

Zone 3

Zone 4

Zone 1

Total – 14,000 Pounds

100%

Zone 2

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Inventory of Medicinal Plants

Log (root mass) = 3.33 – 0.02 (July harvest) – 0.42 (August harvest) + 0.76 log (crown area) + 0.46 log (plant height)

Black cohosh

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Blue

cohosh (

Caulophyllum

thalictroides)

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Goldenseal (Hydrastis canadensis)

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Edible Forest Products

Value to Communities

Inventory

Optimal Harvest Timing

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Maximum Edible Biomass

Mar. 22

Mar. 29

Apr. 5

Apr. 13

Apr. 19

Apr. 26May 3May 10

May 17

Optimum Harvest

- Two weeks before full leaf-out of canopy

- Canopy leaves at 52% development

Optimal Harvesting of Ramps

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Forest

Farming

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Final ThoughtsLong history of use of NTFPs

Lots of products and opportunities

Need to think beyond typical forestry Forest Service has active research on these products

But …How can we work together to address your opportunities

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Thank You!!

Blacksburg, VA 24060

540-231-3611

jchamberlain@fs.fed.us