Senior Engineer WINDExchange NREL Wind OampM Topical Outline Utilityscale 13 MW OampM R amp D OampM Cost Trends Distributedscale 11500 kW OampM Cost Trends Utilityscale OampM Type of Costs ID: 720329
Download Presentation The PPT/PDF document "Wind O&M Robi Robichaud" is the property of its rightful owner. Permission is granted to download and print the materials on this web site for personal, non-commercial use only, and to display it on your personal computer provided you do not modify the materials and that you retain all copyright notices contained in the materials. By downloading content from our website, you accept the terms of this agreement.
Slide1
Wind O&M
Robi Robichaud
Senior Engineer
WINDExchange
NRELSlide2
Wind O&M - Topical Outline
Utility-scale (1-3 MW)
O&M R & D
O&M Cost Trends
Distributed-scale (1-1500 kW)
O&M Cost TrendsSlide3
Utility-scale - O&M - Type of Costs
Annual Fixed Costs
Scheduled maintenance
Oil & lubricants
Sensor evaluation
Condition Monitoring
Leasing
Taxes
Insurance
Annual Variable Costs
Unscheduled maintenance
Worn out parts
Catastrophic failuresSlide4
Utility-scale - O&M Costs
Generally, the annual costs increase over the life of the turbine – especially in later years of
20-25 year useful life
There are industry recommended practices for all aspects of wind turbine maintenance:
Towers;
rotors/blades/hubs; gearboxes; generators; balance of plant; data collection/reporting; end of warranty
O & M Costs expressed as:
$/kW/yr (capacity-based)
$/MWh/yr or $/kWh/yr (energy-based)
$/yr (simple)
Slide5
5 10 20
years
Repair Cost
Gearbox Rebuild
Blade Replacement
Generator Bearings
Yaw Drive, Pitch Drive
Control & Sensors
Motors and Switchgear
Warranty
Structural
RISK
Reference: Chris
Walford
:
GEC (now DNV GL)
Major Components at Risk
Equipment breaks – usually after the warranty
expiresSlide6
NREL Wind O&M Research & Development
Source: Report on Wind Turbine Subsystem Reliability – A Survey of Various Databases, Sheng, S. 2013: NREL Publication Database: NREL/PR-5000-59111Slide7
NREL Reliability Research Strategy
Identify the high O&M cost issues (data base)
Quantify failure probability statistics (data base)
Develop reliability driven design and O&M COE model(s)
Understand the component root causes of failures (GRC)
Develop O&M management tools
Design high reliability solutions
Test solutions and O&M tools at reference sites
Integrate long term solutions into the design process
Component life
Failure Probability
I
II
III
Goal
Source: Presentation by S. Butterfield, at FEDWEATS at NREL February 2009Slide8
Sandia National Lab CREW: Failure Rate and Downtime
Source: Report on Wind Turbine Subsystem Reliability – A Survey of Various Databases, Sheng, S. 2013: NREL Publication Database: NREL/PR-5000-59111
Goals:
Reduce the number of failures per year
Reduce time per failure
BOTH strategies have positive long term impacts on turbine life and O&M costsSlide9
Cost Concerns & Strategies for O&M Cost Control
Costs for Unscheduled O&M can spiral high quickly (e.g., gearbox failure)
$150k for mobilization/demobilization of crane
$200-350k full cost – included downtime, parts, equipment, labor – 1-3 months
Strategies for Cost Control
Work with OEM or Plant Manager - use real-time,
condition monitoring system
Plan maintenance for the “low wind season”
Minimize financial impacts
Lessen potential for it being “too windy to do O&M”
Maximize use of costly crane - schedule crane for continuous useSlide10
Benefits of Condition Monitoring
Early deterioration detection
to avoid catastrophic failure;
Accurate
evaluation of damage state
of the monitored structure, and subsequently a
cost effective maintenance
planning or component replacement;
Root cause analysis
and subsequently,
improved operational strategy
to reduce chances of structure deterioration.Slide11
O&M Cost Trends: Average O&M Costs for Available Data Years
Source: 2012 Wind Technologies Market Report, Wiser et al, 2013
DOE Publication: DOE/GO-102013-3948Slide12
Median Annual O&M Costs by Project Age and Commercial Operation Date
Source: 2012 Wind Technologies Market Report, Wiser et al, 2013
DOE Publication: DOE/GO-102013-3948Slide13
Ranges of LCOE and LCOE Elements for Land-Based and Offshore Wind in 2011
Source: 2011 Cost of Wind Energy Review , Tegen et al, 2013
NREL Publication Database: NREL/TP-5000-56266
Report: 2011 Cost of Wind Energy Review
Levelized
Cost of Energy – Range for O&M Costs for Utility-scale Wind Turbines in Wind Farms
Slide14
Source: DOE/EERE/Wind Program 2012 Market Report on Wind Technologies in Distributed Applications
http://energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2013/12/f5/2012_distributed_wind_technologies_market_report_0.pdf
Distributed Wind – Lots of Turbines, Not So Much Data
Distributed-scale (1-1500 kW)
Installations in 2011
Installations in 2012Slide15
Source: DOE/EERE/Wind Program 2012 Market Report on Wind Technologies in Distributed Applications
http://energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2013/12/f5/2012_distributed_wind_technologies_market_report_0.pdf
US Distributed Wind Capacity by Turbine Type/SizeSlide16
Small Wind O&M Cost Estimates Vary Widely
Preliminary Small Wind Annual O&M Cost Assumptions Used in JEDI (Tegen 2013)
Source: DOE/EERE/Wind Program 2012 Market Report on Wind Technologies in Distributed Applications
http://energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2013/12/f5/2012_distributed_wind_technologies_market_report_0.pdf
Annual O&M cost
estimates
from
manufacturers & installers
Slide17
Small Wind O&M Activities
Semi-annual or annual: Follow manufacturer recommendations
Tighten screws & bolts – electrical &
mechanical
Check for frayed wires
Check for insect or other debris build-up on blades and clean off (water - no solvents)
Check for rust – remove and using manufacturer’s recommended lubricant
If you are a “do-it-yourselfer” AND you can climb a tower or have a tilt-down turbine or small bucket lifter:
Schedule routine maintenance (semi-annual or annual) per manufacturer guidelines
If you find a good contractor, keep using the same one – experience and familiarity with a particular turbine is good
Follow manufacturer/installer recommendations:Slide18
Questions
Answers
to all questions submitted electronically during today’s webinar will be posted on WAPA’s website within a few weeks
.
To view and download presentations and corresponding Q&As from the 2014 Tribal Energy Webinar Series, please visit
www.wapa.gov
and click on Renewables in the top navigation
.
To submit follow-up questions regarding the material covered in today’s webinar, please contact:
Robi Robichaud
Senior Engineer,
WINDExchange
NREL
robi.robichaud@nrel.gov