70005000 BC 711 Identify and compare the rise of early agricultural river valley civilization in Africa and Asia 713 Trace steps in the development of written language including the evolution of Sumerian cuneiform Egyptian hieroglyphics and Chinese calligraphy ID: 251941
Download Presentation The PPT/PDF document "CH 5 History of the Fertile Crescent" is the property of its rightful owner. Permission is granted to download and print the materials on this web site for personal, non-commercial use only, and to display it on your personal computer provided you do not modify the materials and that you retain all copyright notices contained in the materials. By downloading content from our website, you accept the terms of this agreement.
Slide1
CH 5 History of the Fertile Crescent
7000-5000 B.C.
7.1.1 Identify and compare the rise of early agricultural river valley civilization in Africa and Asia.
7.1.3. Trace steps in the development of written language, including the evolution of Sumerian cuneiform, Egyptian hieroglyphics, and Chinese calligraphy.
7.3.11 Identify and explain the importance of early cultural hearths in the Nile River Valley. Mesopotamia, the Indus River Valley, and the Huang River Valley. Slide2
What picture/thoughts comes to your mind when you hear the world Fertile Crescent? Slide3
Section 1: Geography of the Fertile Crescent
Fertile Crescent – a large arc of rich, or fertile farmland.
Mesopotamia- “means between two rivers”
What two land features give Mesopotamia its name?
Tigris and Euphrates River
Silt- a mixture of rich soil and tiny rocks.
It made it ideal for farming in Mesopotamia.
Why is farming important? Slide4
Farming and Cities
12,000 to 10,000 BC Hunters and gatherers began to settle in the Fertile Crescent
By 7000 BC Farming Settlements were being established in Mesopotamia. Slide5
WATER MATTERS
H20
Mesopotamia Irrigation
Irrigation- a way of supplying water to an area of land.
Canals- human made waterways Slide6
What would you devote your time to if you did not have to work?
FOOD SURPLUS- meaning more than enough needed.
DIVISION OF LABOR- is a type of arrangement in which each work specializes in a particular task or job.
Due to irrigation the people of Mesopotamia were able to grow more food.
Food surplus allowed some people to stop farming and devote their time to other jobs. Slide7
What was developed due to the better farming practices, food surpluses and division of labor?
THE CITYSlide8
Farmland
Improved Irrigation
Food Surplus
Division of Labor
Civilization
*once needs are met you can focus on higher levels of development
The Rise of Ancient Civilization Slide9
Section 2 The Rise of SumerSlide10
3000 BC Sumer 1st
City-State
The Sumerians created the
world’s first
advanced society.
Religion played a major role in Sumerian society.
The Sumerians developed the first civilization in
Mesopotamia.Slide11
City-State of Sumer
city-state – a central city and all the country side around it.
Sumer had 10,000 residents and grew to 100,000 by 2000 BC.
Empire- land with different territories and people under a single ruler.
City of UrSlide12
Sargon 2334 – 2279 BC
Who was he?
Who’d did he rule?
How did he affect the region?
A man who rebelled and used a permanent army to defeat the city states of Sumer
The
Akkadians
He held the Empire together for over 50 years under one Empire with a strong army.Slide13
Sumerian Religion
Polytheism- belief and worship of more than one god
Priests- people who performed religious ceremonies
religion (Sumerian culture)- was the basis for all Sumerian societySlide14
What does Polytheism mean?
Many godsSlide15
Social Hierarchy
The division of society by rank or class
1. Royalty
2. Priest
3. Skilled Craftspeople, Merchants, and Traders
4.Farmers and Laborers
5. SlavesSlide16
Men
Held political power
Educated
WarriorsSlide17
Women
Could be educated if royal or part of the upper class
Took care of the home and children
PriestessSlide18
Enheduanna
Daughter of Sargon
High Priestess of the Moon god
First known female write in history
Wrote verses to the gods