PPT-Disorders of electrolytes and water and acid – base balance

Hyper and Hyponatremia Hyper and Hypokalemia Syndrome of inappropriate secretion of ADH Diabetes insipidus Asst Prof Dr Dalya Basil Disorder of Electrolytes. Water, Electrolyte, and Acid–Base Balance. Learning Objectives. Explain regulation of electrolytes in the body; major ions in the intracellular and extracellular fluid and units of concentration. Describe common disturbances of water balance and pathogenesis. What are Fluids and Electrolytes and what are their functions?. Body Fluid is the liquid portion of our cells and tissues. - intercellular fluid. - extracellular fluid. - tissue fluid ( interstitial fluid). Prof. Tahir . Shafi. Why should we know about acid base disorders. What are acid base disorders. How to interpret acid base disorder. How to establish the cause. Why to worry about acid base disorders. Elizabeth Pash MS, RD, . LDN. Research, Scientific & Medical Affairs: . Abbott Nutrition . Disclosures. Employee. Abbott Nutrition . Learning Outcomes:. At the end of the session the learner will be able . Acid Base . Imbalances. Chapter 17. Megan McClintock. Winter 2012. Homeostasis. Maintained by the intake and output of water and electrolytes and regulation by the renal and pulmonary systems. Acid-base balance is necessary for many physiologic processes (respiration, metabolism, function of the CNS). Balance. And . Imbalance. In Human . Body. Dr. Anissa Atif Mirza. Body Water. Water. is the . chief constituent of human body.. Water is the . chief solvent of body.. Water . comprises 60-70% . of total body weight. Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance. 1. Body Water Content. Infants have low body fat, low bone mass, and are 73% or more water. Total water content declines throughout life. Healthy males are about 60% water; healthy females are around 50%. Acids are all around us.. Foods like lemons, limes, and oranges contain acidic compounds.. When wine is oxidized, it becomes acetic acid.. Our muscles produce lactic acid.. Our stomach uses hydrochloric acid to break down food.. Lecture 5. Introduction. A complex system of chemical buffers together with highly specialized mechanisms of the lungs and kidneys continuously work together to ensure a precise balance of water, electrolytes, and pH in both the intracellular and extracellular compartments of the human body. . For cells to function optimally, . a steady balance . between the acids and the bases . is necessary.. Acid-base balance represents homeostasis of hydrogen (H+) ion . concentration in . body fluids. . And . Imbalance. In Human . Body. Dr. Anissa Atif Mirza. Body Water. Water. is the . chief constituent of human body.. Water is the . chief solvent of body.. Water . comprises 60-70% . of total body weight. vs. Non-electrolytes. Electrolytes . vs. Non-Electrolytes. Electrolyte. Non-Electrolyte. When dissolved in water, . allows. for . electron flow. When. dissolved in water, . does not allow. . for . Intake. Output. Liquids 1600. Urine 1500. Food 700. Sweat (and insensible water loss) 500. Metabolic water 200. Many critical illnesses can disturb acid-base balance.. Acid-base disturbances may indicate an underlying disease or organ damage.. Accurate interpretation of acid-base disturbances requires the following:.