PPT-Signal Transduction A process of transmission for molecular signals from cell’s exterior

General Steps 1 Receptor activation by extracellular intracellular signal 2 Binding of adapter proteins to receptor domains 3 Recruitment of other proteins 4 Phosphorylation Ubiquitination Acetylation etc. (from Kimura, 1966). Electron micrograph of 3 OHCs. spiral ligament. modiolus. When the basilar membrane vibrates up and down in response to the sound wave, the hair cell cilia are displaced 1. st. in one direction then in the other; i.e., 1. Chapter 13, . Stryer. Short Course. Signal Transduction. Signal from exterior of cell must affect interior of cell. Through the membrane. Amplification of signal. Ability to turn off. A few pathways…. . Signal Transduction Pathway. EXTRACELLULAR. FLUID. Plasma membrane. CYTOPLASM. Receptor. Signaling. molecule: ligand. Relay molecules in a signal transduction pathway. Activation. . Enzyme-linked . receptors. Nuclear receptors. Stochasticity. in . signalling. .. Enzyme-linked receptors. . signalling. through growth factors, hormones, cytokines. acting locally at very low concentrations (10. 2. Physical Transmission. Wireless media. 3. Transmission is sent and received through invisible waves. Less expensive than copper or fiber optic lines. . Allows the user to move freely around the office or campus and still remain connected to the network. . Enzyme-linked receptors. Nuclear receptors. Stochasticity. in . signalling. .. Enzyme-linked receptors. . signalling. through growth factors, hormones, cytokines. acting locally at very low concentrations (10. Believed to have evolved in prokaryotes and single-celled eukaryotes. Single-celled organisms. Bacteria use communication in quorum sensing. Short distance communication using local regulators. Secrete . Dr. Kevin Ahern. EGFR Signaling, Part 1. Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR). EGFR Dimer. Autophosphorylated. Tyrosines in . Cytoplasmic Domain. Signaling Complex. Assembled on . Phosphotyrosines. Introduction. One of the major functions of physical layer is to move data in the form of electromagnetic signals across a transmission medium.. Thus, the data must be transformed to electromagnetic signals to be transmitted.. 2. Physical Transmission. Wireless media. 3. A . wireless network.  enables people to communicate and access applications and information without wires. This provides . freedom of movement . and the ability to extend applications to different parts of a building, city, or nearly anywhere in the world. Wireless networks allow people to interact with e-mail or browse the Internet from a location that they prefer.. www.gvsu.edu/cmb/cell-and-molecular-biology-faculty-20.htm. Faculty. General Research Area. E-mail. Office. Matt Christians. (CMB). Protein Degradation. in Plants. christmi@gvsu.edu. 3357. . KHS. Margaret Dietrich. April . 9, . 2012. University . of . Illinois. Signals. A signal is an asynchronous notification of an event. Asynchronous. :. . could occur at any time. Interrupts receiving process; jumps to . signal handler . Part 1. Fourier Transform . Properties. 12/20/2016. Chapter 3: Analysis and Transmission of Signals - 2. 2. Fourier Transform Properties. . 2. 12/20/2016. Chapter 3: Analysis and Transmission of Signals - 2. Cellular Signaling. Autocrine Signals . Diffuse from one part of a cell to another part of the same cell. Synaptic signaling. Neurotransmitter is the signaling molecule. Occurs in the animal nervous system.