PPT-Hemoglobin and anemia BCH

471 Objectives Quantitative determination of hemoglobin in a blood sample Hemoglobin structure Hemoglobin Hb is a porphyrin iron II protien in RBCs that transport oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body and carbon dioxide back to the lungs. Mike Clark, M.D.. Anemia. is a decrease in the normal number of red blood cells (RBCs) or less than the normal quantity of hemoglobin in the blood. However, it can include decreased oxygen-binding ability of each hemoglobin molecule due to deformity or lack in numerical development as in some other types of hemoglobin deficiency.. b. d. g. a. a. Chromosome 16. Chromosome 11. 25%. 25%. a. a. b. d. g. 25%. 25%. 48%. 48%. 1.5%. 0.5%. 1.5%. 0.5%. Hemoglobin synthesis. a. a. a. a. a. a. b. g. d. b. d. g. HbA. HbF. HbA. 2. 98%. ~1%. Hemolysis. is defined as the premature destruction of red blood cells (RBCs).. Anemia results when the rate of destruction exceeds the capacity of the marrow to produce RBCs. Normal RBC survival time is 110. RBCs destroyed. prematurely.. Arrows. . indicate cells. being destroyed; . Acquired (. thru . ertain. chemicals. or bacteria/viruses) . o. r . inherited.. Symptom of o. ther disorders.. Be able to classify the different types of anemia. Understand the signs and symptoms associated with anemia.. Being able to interpret lab abnormalities to diagnose different causes of anemia. . Introduction to Anemia. red blood cell mass . or . blood hemoglobin concentration. . In practice, anemia most commonly is defined by reductions in one or both of the following:. Hematocrit (HCT) – The HCT is the fractional volume of a whole blood sample occupied by RBCs, expressed as a percentage. As an example, the normal HCT in a child age 6 to 12 years is approximately 40 percent.. Adult male: 4.6 – 6 million. Adult female: 4.2 – 5 million. Red blood cells are: . Tiny, flexible biconcave discs. Lacks a nucleus. Can bend when going through tiny capillaries. RBC’s are constantly manufactured. Definition of Anemia. Who here is anemic?. Newborn baby boy with hemoglobin 12.8 g/. dL. 2 month-old baby girl with . hgb. 9.5 g/. dL. 4 year-old girl with . hgb. 10.6 g/. dL. 16 . y.o. . boy with . OBJECTIVES. Describe the . structure . of hemoglobin molecule. Describe . synthesis . of hemoglobin in brief.. List the . functions. of hemoglobin.. Enlist . various types. of normal and abnormal hemoglobin’s.. globin. chains. Abnormalities in these proteins are referred to as . hemoglobinopathies. Two hemoglobin gene clusters are involved in the production of hemoglobin and are located at the end of the short arm of chromosomes 16 and 11, respectively. . is defined as the premature destruction of red blood cells (RBCs).. Anemia results when the rate of destruction exceeds the capacity of the marrow to produce RBCs. Normal RBC survival time is 110. –. ESSAM . AHMED. M.B.Ch.B. , F.I.B.M.S. Peadiatric. . Hemato. -Oncologist. Objectives. 1- to understand the definition of anemia and recognize its different types according to . their etiology. 2- to be able to approaches to patient with anemia (investigations and treatment. How to classify . anemias. on the basis. of etiology and RBC parameters:. 1.) Decreased production vs. RBC loss (increased destruction or bleeding). 2.) RBC Size:. Macrocytic . ,. microcytic , normocytic. Head of Flow cytometry unit. Assistant professor & Consultant Hematologists. Hemoglobin??. α. β. β. α. Fe⁺⁺. Fe⁺⁺. Fe⁺⁺. Fe⁺⁺. Globin chain. Haem. Prophyrin. ring . Iron atom.