Not Dead Yet Myths in Clinical Psychology Freud Sexual Abuse Hysteria Women theorists Horney Anna Freud Mahler Jacobson Psychoanalysis is dead Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy also known as Psychodynamic Psychotherapy is dead ID: 555366
Download Presentation The PPT/PDF document "Psychoanalytic Psychology:" is the property of its rightful owner. Permission is granted to download and print the materials on this web site for personal, non-commercial use only, and to display it on your personal computer provided you do not modify the materials and that you retain all copyright notices contained in the materials. By downloading content from our website, you accept the terms of this agreement.
Slide1
Psychoanalytic Psychology:Not Dead YetSlide2
Myths in Clinical Psychology
Freud
Sexual Abuse, Hysteria, Women theorists
(Horney, Anna Freud, Mahler, Jacobson)
Psychoanalysis is dead
Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy, also known as Psychodynamic Psycho-therapy, is dead
Evidence only for CBTSlide3
Divisions in American Psychological Association
54 Divisions
Examples: Experimental Psychology, Developmental Psychology, Personality and Social Psychology
Division 39 Psychoanalysis: “
represents, within the broad field of psychology, professionals who identify themselves as having a major commitment to the study, practice and development of psychoanalysis and psychoanalytic psychotherapySlide4
Sections in Canadian Psychological Association
30 Sections
Section: Psychoanalysis and Psychodynamic Psychology:
This section was formed in 2002 to provide a place for those interested in psychoanalytic theory, research, and practice to share ideas. Slide5
We are represented at the CPA’s annual convention, provide a forum for membership exchange, publish a newsletter, and sponsor international awards in psychoanalytic and psychodynamic leadership, scholarship, and student achievement. Slide6
Myths in Clinical Psychology
None of early psychodynamic (e.g., Freud) theories or components of theories are in use today
Psychodynamic/Psychoanalytic non empirical
Slide7
Journals Publishing Empirical Work on Psychoanalysis and Psychodynamic Psychology
APA: Psychoanalytic Psychology
American Journal of Psychoanalysis
International Journal of
PsychoanalysisSlide8
Bornstein (2005)
Psychoanalytic (1900-1926)
Unconscious memory
Primary process thought
Object representation
Repression
Preconscious processing
Parapraxis
Repetition compulsion
Ego
Ego defense
Revision or reinvention
Implicit memory
Spreading activation
Person schema
Cognitive avoidance
Preattentive
processing
Retrieval error
Nuclear script
Central executive
Defensive attribution Slide9
Myths in Clinical Psychology
Empirical support only for Behavioral treatments or Cognitive Behavioral treatments
Slide10
Myths in Clinical Psychology
Projectives, like Rorschach or TAT, are not appropriate for use and not used in clinical psychologySlide11
Watkins
et al. (1995)
Camera et al. (2000) N = 179
Clinical Interview
1 (95%)
Not included in study
Wechsler Adult
Intel.
Scale
2 (93%)
1 (85%)
MMPI-2
3 (85%)
2 (77%)
Sentence
Completion
4 (84%)
TAT
5 (82%)
6 (60%)
Rorschach
6 (82%)
4 (69%)Bender – Gestalt7 (80%)5 (63%)Drawing Tests8 (80%)8 (36%)Beck Depression Inventory9 (71%)10 (30%)Weschler Intell Scale for Kids10 (69%)3 (75%)Wide Range Achievement Test-7 (48%)Wechsler Memory Scale-9 ((32%)
Rank Order of Tests Used in Internship SitesSlide12
Myths in Clinical Psychology
Clinical psychologists essentially same as psychiatrist or other mental health professionalsSlide13
Shedler: That was Then, This is Now
Important Points
:
1. Misconception
2. Not one psychoanalysis
3. Major Features
Unconscious
Conflict
Past Influences Present
Transference
Defense
Psychological Causation
Slide14
Shedler 2010 - Seven Features
Focus on affect
Exploration of attempts to avoid
Identification of themes and patterns
Past experience
Focus on interpersonal relations
Focus on therapy relationship
Exploration of fantasy life Slide15
Goals of Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy
Therapeutic Relationship
Change to personality and character structure
Aid in bringing relevant unconscious material to consciousness
Supportive or exploratorySlide16
Vehicles for Change
Observation, Interpretation, & Confrontation
Transference
ResistanceSlide17
Contemporary Psychodynamic or Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy
Focus not on impulses but on interpersonal or attachment styles
Attempt to have people become aware of their interpersonal styles and their impact on others and themselvesSlide18
Nancy McWilliams VideoSlide19
Commonalities Among Psychodynamic Therapies
Psychopathology, signs, and symptoms derive from personality and character.
Psychic Determinism
Early development of relationships
Genetic Principle
Unconscious
Emotion/AffectSlide20
Relating to others and self
Transference & Counter-transferenceSlide21
Object Relations
Self PsychologySlide22
Psychoanalysis
Sigmund Freud
One of the first to believe abnormal behaviour result of psychological rather than physiological problems
Developed own form of treatment called psychanalysis (along with Joseph Breuer)
Based on premise that unconscious impulses will enter the conscious part of a person’s mind
Need to obtain insightSlide23
Psychoanalysis
Permits a release of tensions and anxieties
Uses:
Free association
Dream analysis
All done to get access to unconsciousSlide24
Triangles of Adaptation & Object Relations
Defense
Triangle
o
f Adaptation
Triangle of Object Relations
Anxiety
Attachment Need/
Interpersonal Style
Current
Therapist/
Group
Past
From:
Tasca
,
Mikail
, & Hewitt (2001)Slide25
Blagys & Hilsenroth
(2000)
Features of Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy
:
1. Affect and affect expression
2. Avoidance of distressing thoughts and emotions
3. Recurring themes and patterns
4. Past experience
5. Interpersonal Relations
6. Therapy Relationship
7. Fantasy
8. Presence of positive capacities and resources
Slide26
Meta Analysis: Example
CBT
vs
Control
10 Studies
7/10 positive findings (i.e.
cbt
> control)
3/10 negative (i.e.,
cbt
<= control)
Pretty GoodSlide27
Effect Size in Meta Analysis
Convert findings of treatment studies into standard deviation units
Mean (
posttreat
) – Mean (
pretreat
)
(SD1 + SD2)/2
Reflects the difference between the treatment group and control (or other) groupSlide28
Effect Size Values
Effect Size
.80 is large effect size
.50 is moderate effect size
.20 is small effect sizeSlide29
Effect Size of Psychotherapy Treatment
Numerous meta analyses done
Roughly .75Slide30
Efficacy of Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy
Shedler
(2010). The efficacy of psychodynamic psychotherapy.
American Psychologist, 65
, 98-109.Slide31
Various Effect Sizes
Psychotherapy in generalSlide32Slide33
Various Effect Sizes
CBTSlide34Slide35
Various Effect Sizes
Antidepressant MedicationSlide36Slide37
Various Effect Sizes
PsychodynamicSlide38Slide39
Hypnosis - Myths
1. All a matter of good imagination
2. Same as relaxation
3. Willful faking
4. Dangerous?
5. Sleeplike state?
6. Lose control?
7. Relive the past?Slide40
8. Remember more accurately
9. Led to things incongruent with morals
10. Forget what happened
11. Perform impossible feats.Slide41
Hypnosis Demonstration
Do not participate
:
1. If you are planning to simply observe
2. If you are currently experiencing some significant personal distress (i.e., depression, anxiety, marked distress)
3. If you have any proneness to psychosis
4. If you are planning to leave early from the demonstration (i.e., in the middle of the demonstration.Slide42
Cell phones off
Leave early, tell me now
Distressed, do
not participate