What is it Define Terrorism What do you think is the definition of terrorism The use of violence and intimidation in the pursuit of political aims Terrorism is often though not always defined in terms of four characteristics 1 the threat or use of violence 2 a political objective ID: 596184
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Slide1
Terrorism
What is it?Slide2
Define Terrorism?
What do you think is the definition of terrorism?
The
use of violence and intimidation in the pursuit of political
aims
Terrorism is often, though not always, defined in terms of four characteristics: (1) the threat or use of violence; (2) a political objective; the
desir
to change the status quo; (3) the intention to spread fear by committing spectacular public acts; (4) the intentional targeting of civilians
.
In
modern times, terrorism denotes the killing of humans by nongovernment political actors for various reasons—usually as a political statementSlide3
FBI Define
"International terrorism" means activities with the following three characteristics:
Involve violent acts or acts dangerous to human life that violate federal or state law;
Appear to be intended (
i
) to intimidate or coerce a civilian population; (ii) to influence the policy of a government by intimidation or coercion; or (iii) to affect the conduct of a government by mass destruction, assassination, or kidnapping; and
Occur primarily outside the territorial jurisdiction of the U.S., or transcend national boundaries in terms of the means by which they are accomplished, the persons they appear intended to intimidate or coerce, or the locale in which their perpetrators operate or seek asylum.*
"Domestic terrorism" means activities with the following three characteristics:
Involve acts dangerous to human life that violate federal or state law;
Appear intended (
i
) to intimidate or coerce a civilian population; (ii) to influence the policy of a government by intimidation or coercion; or (iii) to affect the conduct of a government by mass destruction, assassination. or kidnapping; and
Occur primarily within the territorial jurisdiction of the U.S.Slide4
Types of Terrorism
State Terrorism: Terrorism by the country or government.
Example: Nazi Germany, France’s reign of terror, Russia
Bioterrorism:
intentional release of toxic biological agents to harm and terrorize civilians, in the name of a political or other cause
.
Example: Releasing small pox on the US
Cyberterrorism:
Cyberterrorists use information technology to attack civilians and draw attention to their cause
.
Example: Ashley Madison, Sony vs North Korea
Ecoterrorism:
term describing violence in the interests of environmentalism
.
Example: PETASlide5
Types
Nuclear Terrorism: is using nuclear weapons as a threat, either by selling, using, attacking, or purchasing nuclear weapons.
Example: Black Market
State Sponsored Terrorism: Terrorism that is supported by the government but is carried out by a terrorist group.
Example:
Taliban
Classical
terrorism:
means that group warfare is direct; it is aimed at specific targets with few casualties
Example: Assassinations
Modern Terrorists: Mass causalities and damages are the goal.
Example: 9/11
Postmodern Terrorism: Eliminate the entire source
Example: bio, chemical, radiological, nukes. Slide6
What Causes Terrorism
T
he
belief that violent means justify the ends
.
They feel they have no choice but to become violent
Social and political
injustice
People
choose terrorism when they are trying to right what they perceive to be a social or political or historical wrong—when they have been stripped of their land or rights, or denied these
.
But what is this the correct question to ask? Or should it be-
What are the conditions in which terrorism is most likely to take placeSlide7
Why does Terrorism Exist?
15 Causes:
Religion
Oppression
Historical Grievances
Violations of International Law
Relative Depravation (poverty)
Hatred towards the global economic hegemony
Financial Gain
Racism
Guilt by Association
Supporting Sympathizers
Mortality Salience
Narcissism
Sensation-seeking
Failure of conventional channels of expression
Communication and publicitySlide8
Who is the Terrorist?
Mainly Middle Class people
Exposed to Education-engineers or physicians
Married with Children
30% women 70% male
White Collar Crime
Men terrorists are usually 17-24 years of age
Women 24-29 (widows)